10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 001-41305

Bitcoin Depot Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware	87-3219029
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)

3343 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 750 Atlanta, GA	30326
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(687) 435-9604

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	BTM	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share	BTMWW	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


☐	Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer

☒	Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company

		☒	Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 12, 2024, the registrant had 18,122,048 shares outstanding of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 2,875,000 shares outstanding of Series A Preferred Shares, par value of $0.0001, 0 shares outstanding of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 1,075,761 shares outstanding of Class E common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 0 shares outstanding of Class M common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 0 shares outstanding of Class O common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 41,193,024 shares outstanding of Class V common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

Table of Contents

Bitcoin Depot Inc.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

Table of Contents


		Page
Part I - Financial Information		1
Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	40
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	55
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	55

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION		57
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	57
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	57
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	57
Item 3.	Defaults upon Senior Securities	57
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	57
Item 5.	Other Information	58
Item 6.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	59

SIGNATURES		60

Forward-Looking Statements

Our disclosure and analysis in this report concerning our operations, cash flows and financial position, including, in particular, the likelihood of our success in developing and expanding our business and the realization of sales from our backlog, include forward-looking statements. Statements that are predictive in nature, that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or that include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” and similar expressions are forward-looking statements. Although these statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, they are subject to risks and uncertainties that are described more fully herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and in Part I under the heading "Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements", as well as in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These risks include our ability to successfully realize the expected benefits of the business combination; our ability to operate in existing markets or expand into new jurisdictions; our ability to manage our growth effectively; our ability to continue to operate in states where we have obtained the requisite licenses to the extent that the laws and regulations of such states clearly indicate that a license is required or where state regulators have advised us that we need a license to operate; our ability to manage regulatory uncertainty in the cryptocurrency industry and maintain positive relationships with federal and state regulators; our dependence on key business relationships with certain key suppliers of Bitcoin; our dependence on, and ability to maintain, key business relationships with store locations for our kiosks and franchise locations, and related supplies, programs, and technologies for our business on acceptable terms; the negative impact on our future results of operations of the unknown potential growth rate and demand for Bitcoin kiosks and by the slow adoption of cryptocurrency; our heavy dependency on our ability to win, maintain and renew contracts with store location partners; unfavorable macroeconomic conditions or decreased discretionary spending due to other factors such as increased interest rates, increased inflation, high fuel rates, recessions, epidemics or other public health issues, terrorist activity or threat thereof, civil unrest or other economic or political uncertainties, that could adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial conditions; and our ability to obtain debt financing or refinance existing indebtedness on satisfactory terms, liquidity and trading of our public securities. Accordingly, we can give no assurance that we will achieve the results anticipated or implied by our forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

Table of Contents

Part I - Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements.

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)



	September 30, 2024 (unaudited)			December 31, 2023
Assets
Current:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	32,229		$	29,759
Cryptocurrencies		1,311			712
Accounts receivable		380			245
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		7,453			6,554
Total current assets		41,373			37,270
Property and equipment:
Furniture and fixtures		635			635
Leasehold improvements		172			172
Kiosk machines - owned		32,086			24,222
Kiosk machines - leased		20,004			20,524
Total property and equipment		52,897			45,553
Less: accumulated depreciation		(25,350	)		(20,699	)
Total property and equipment, net		27,547			24,854
Intangible assets, net		2,698			3,836
Goodwill		8,717			8,717
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		2,814			484
Deposits		736			412
Deferred tax assets		3,562			1,804
Total assets	$	87,447		$	77,377

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)



	September 30, 2024 (unaudited)			December 31, 2023
Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Current:
Accounts payable	$	11,965		$	8,337
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		20,196			21,545
Notes payable, current portion		4,860			3,985
Income taxes payable		1,355			2,484
Deferred revenue		201			297
Operating lease liabilities, current portion		887			279
Current installments of obligations under finance leases		3,931			6,801
Other non-income tax payable		2,236			2,297
Total current liabilities		45,631			46,025
Long-term liabilities
Notes payable, non-current		41,864			17,101
Operating lease liabilities, non-current		1,983			319
Obligations under finance leases, non-current		2,856			2,848
Deferred income tax, net		852			846
Tax receivable agreement liability due to related party, non-current		2,126			865
Total Liabilities		95,312			68,004
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 19)
Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Series A Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value; 50,000,000 authorized, 3,075,000 and 3,125,000 shares issued and outstanding, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		—			—
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value; 800,000,000 authorized, 17,844,174 and 13,602,691 shares issued, and 17,653,554 and 13,482,047 shares outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		1			1
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value; 20,000,000 authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		—			—
Class E common stock, $0.0001 par value; 2,250,000 authorized, 1,075,761 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		—			—
Class M common stock, $0.0001 par value; 300,000,000 authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		—			—
Class O common stock, $0.0001 par value; 800,000,000 authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		—			—
Class V common stock, $0.0001 par value; 300,000,000 authorized, 41,193,024 and 44,100,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		4			4
Treasury stock		(437	)		(279	)
Additional paid-in capital		21,135			17,326
Accumulated deficit		(37,701	)		(32,663	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(204	)		(203	)
Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.		(17,202	)		(15,814	)
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests		9,337			25,187
Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity		(7,865	)		9,373
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity	$	87,447		$	77,377

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF (LOSS) INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Revenue	$	135,271		$	179,483		$	436,876		$	540,561
Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)		112,853			152,545			370,848			461,087
Operating expenses:
Selling, general, and administrative		14,694			16,242			44,062			43,245
Depreciation and amortization		2,245			3,260			8,184			9,554
Total operating expenses		16,939			19,502			52,246			52,799
Income from operations		5,479			7,436			13,782			26,675
Other (expense) income:
Interest (expense)		(2,907	)		(2,769	)		(10,731	)		(10,120	)
Other income (expense)		103			(3,111	)		143			(14,024	)
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions		(29	)		(154	)		(294	)		(365	)
Total other (expense)		(2,833	)		(6,034	)		(10,882	)		(24,509	)
(Loss) Income before provision for income taxes and non-controlling interest		2,646			1,402			2,900			2,166
Income tax benefit (expense)		(347	)		(337	)		(479	)		977
Net income (loss)		2,299			1,065			2,421			3,143
Net income attributable to Legacy Bitcoin Depot unit holders		—			—			—			12,906
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		3,238			8,163			7,459			8,031
Net (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.		(939	)		(7,098	)		(5,038	)		(17,794	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Net income (loss)		2,299			1,065			2,421			3,143
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(19	)		87			(1	)		66
Total comprehensive income (loss)		2,280			1,152			2,420			3,209
Comprehensive income attributable to Legacy Bitcoin Depot unit holders		—			—			—			12,885
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest		3,225			8,249			7,459			8,118
Comprehensive (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.	$	(945	)	$	(7,098	)	$	(5,039	)	$	(17,794	)
Net (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.	$	(939	)	$	(7,098	)	$	(5,038	)	$	(17,794	)
(Loss) per share basic and diluted	$	(0.05	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(0.39	)	$	(1.07	)
Weighted average shares: basic and diluted		20,701,447			16,658,691			18,908,391			16,658,691

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY

THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Series A Preferred Stock					Class A Common Stock				Class E Common Stock				Class V Common Stock					Treasury Stock
	Shares			Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Shares			Amount			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)			Total Stockholders’ Deficit Attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.			Non-Controlling Interest			Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
July 1, 2024		3,075,000		$	—		17,345,855	$	1		1,075,761	$	—		41,193,024		$	4		(190,620	)	$	(437	)	$	20,731	$	(36,762	)	$	(198	)	$	(16,661	)	$	21,104		$	4,443
Distributions		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			—			—			(15,000	)		(15,000	)
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			(6	)		(6	)		(13	)		(19	)
Shares issued for vested RSU awards		—			—		498,319		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Stock compensation		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			404		—			—			404			8			412
Net (loss) income attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		(939	)		—			(939	)		3,238			2,299
September 30, 2024		3,075,000		$	—		17,844,174	$	1		1,075,761	$	—		41,193,024		$	4		(190,620	)	$	(437	)	$	21,135	$	(37,701	)	$	(204	)	$	(17,202	)	$	9,337		$	(7,865	)
January 1, 2024		3,125,000		$	—		13,602,691	$	1		1,075,761	$	—		44,100,000		$	4		(120,644	)	$	(279	)	$	17,326	$	(32,663	)	$	(203	)	$	(15,814	)	$	25,187		$	9,373
Distributions		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			—			—			(22,748	)		(22,748	)
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			(1	)		(1	)		—			(1	)
Conversion of Series A preferred stock to class A common stock		(50,000	)		—		50,000		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Purchase of treasury shares		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		(69,976	)		(158	)		—		—			—			(158	)		—			(158	)
Shares issued for vested RSU awards		—			—		1,284,507		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Stock compensation		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			3,013		—			—			3,013			24			3,037
Redemption of non-controlling interest		—			—		2,906,976		—		—		—		(2,906,976	)		—		—			—			585		—			—			585			(585	)		—
Change in tax basis in BT HoldCo due to redemption		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			211		—			—			211			—			211
Net (loss) income attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			—			—		(5,038	)		—			(5,038	)		7,459			2,421
September 30, 2024		3,075,000		$	—		17,844,174	$	1		1,075,761	$	—		41,193,024		$	4		(190,620	)	$	(437	)	$	21,135	$	(37,701	)	$	(204	)	$	(17,202	)	$	9,337		$	(7,865	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND MEMBER’S EQUITY

THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


				Series A Preferred Stock					Class A Common Stock				Class E Common Stock				Class V Common Stock
	Equity Attributed to Legacy Bitcoin Depot			Shares			Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)			Stock Subscription Receivable			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) and (Deficit) Attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.			Non-Controlling Interest			Total Stockholders’ Equity and Member's Equity
July 1, 2023	$	—			4,300,000		$	—		12,358,691	$	1		1,075,761	$	—		44,100,000	$	4	$	(203.00	)	$	(5,613	)	$	15,504	$	(17,259	)	$	(7,566	)	$	12,346		$	4,780
Distributions		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			—			(294	)		(294	)
Foreign currency translation		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			—			87			87
Proceeds from stock subscription		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			4			—		—			4			—			4
Stock based compensation		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			798		—			798			146			944
Conversion from Series A preferred stock to class A common stock		—			(825,000	)		—		825,000		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Net Income (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		(7,098	)		(7,098	)		8,163			1,065
September 30, 2023	$	—			3,475,000		$	—		13,183,691	$	1		1,075,761	$	—		44,100,000	$	4	$	(203	)	$	(5,609	)	$	16,302	$	(24,357	)	$	(13,862	)	$	20,448		$	6,586
January 1, 2023	$	7,396			—		$	—		—	$	—		—	$	—		—	$	—	$	(182	)	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	7,214		$	2,230		$	9,444
Distributions		(12,737	)		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			(12,737	)		(294	)		(13,031	)
Foreign currency translation		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(21	)		—			—		—			(21	)		87			66
Net income (loss) prior to transaction		12,906			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			12,906			—			12,906
Recapitalization of Legacy Bitcoin Depot equity and establishment of non-controlling interest		(7,565	)		—			—		11,858,691		1		1,075,761		—		44,100,000		4		—			(4	)		—		(5,809	)		(13,373	)		9,866			(3,507	)
Establishment of TRA		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		(754	)		(754	)		—			(754	)
Shares issued in connection with the PIPE Financing		—			4,300,000			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			(5,609	)		13,889		—			8,280			—			8,280
Proceeds from stock subscription		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			4			—		—			4			—			4
Conversion from Series A preferred stock to class A common stock		—			(825,000	)		—		825,000		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Stock compensation expense		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			798		—			798			528			1,326
Post transaction stock compensation expense related to shares issued to founder		—			—			—		500,000		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			1,615		—			1,615			—			1,615
Net income (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—		(17,794	)		(17,794	)		8,031			(9,763	)
September 30, 2023	$	—			3,475,000		$	—		13,183,691	$	1		1,075,761	$	—		44,100,000	$	4	$	(203	)	$	(5,609	)	$	16,302	$	(24,357	)	$	(13,862	)	$	20,448		$	6,586

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Cash flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	2,421		$	3,143
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Derivative liabilities		—			2,701
Amortization of deferred financing costs		1,047			962
Accretion to contingent earn-out liability		—			159
Depreciation and amortization		8,184			9,554
Loss on Series A Preferred Share PIPE Issuance		—			8,863
Non-cash share-based compensation		3,037			2,941
Purchase of services in cryptocurrencies		1,014			525
Deferred taxes		(1,752	)		(1,534	)
Loss on lease termination		—			1,717
Write-off of deferred financing costs		3,136			—
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		110			708
Amortization of right-of-use assets		424			76
Cryptocurrency received as payment for services		(1,068	)		(950	)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Deposits		(324	)		(461	)
Accounts receivable		(136	)		(29	)
Cryptocurrencies		75			147
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(1,260	)		(2,373	)
Accounts payable		3,630			(3,373	)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(988	)		10,178
Income taxes payable		(1,128	)		681
Other non-income tax payable		(62	)		—
Tax receivable agreement liability		1,471			—
Deferred revenue		(96	)		49
Operating leases, net		(482	)		(114	)
Net Cash Flows Provided by Operations		17,253			33,570
Cash flows from Investing Activities:
Acquisition of property and equipment		(9,886	)		(5	)
Acquisition of BitAccess, net of cash received		—			(2,000	)
Acquisition of BTC investments		(620	)		—
Net Cash Flows Used In Investing Activities		(10,506	)		(2,005	)
Cash flows from Financing Activities:
Net proceeds from Merger		—			3,343
PIPE commitment fees paid		—			(933	)
Proceeds from stock subscription receivable		—			4
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable		24,352			—
Principal payments on notes payable		(2,878	)		(18,926	)
Principal payments on finance lease		(6,243	)		(8,809	)
Borrowing on finance leases		3,382			—
Payment of deferred financing costs		(19	)		(1,149	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(158	)		—
Distributions		(22,748	)		(12,984	)
Net Cash Flows Used In Financing Activities		(4,312	)		(39,454	)
Effect of exchange rate changed on cash and cash equivalents		35			15
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		2,470			(7,874	)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period		29,759			37,540
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$	32,229		$	29,666

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the nine months ended September 30 for:
Interest	$	6,921	$	9,121
Income taxes	$	3,652	$	362

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

See Note 5 for information on non-cash distribution to the Member.

See Note 13 for information on non-cash financing activity related to term loan agreements.

On March 26, 2024, the Company amended its term loan agreement with its lender. The total principal on the old term loan of $19.9 million was extinguished and the new term loan's principal balance with the same lender is $35.6 million. The net proceeds from the issuance is recorded as an inflow from financing activities of $15.2 million, net of fees paid of $0.5 million.

See Note 18 for information on non-cash activity related to a lease termination and new lease arrangements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(1) Organization and Background

(a) Organization

Lux Vending, LLC (dba Bitcoin Depot) (“Legacy Bitcoin Depot”) was formed on June 7, 2016. Pursuant to a transaction with GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. (“GSRM”), a Delaware corporation formed on October 14, 2021, Legacy Bitcoin Depot merged with and into GSRM and GSRM was renamed Bitcoin Depot Inc. (“Bitcoin Depot”, or the “Company”) (see Note 2(a)). Bitcoin Depot owns and operates a network of cryptocurrency kiosks (“BTMs”) across North America, Puerto Rico, and Australia where customers can buy and sell cryptocurrencies. In addition to the BTM network, Bitcoin Depot also sells cryptocurrency to consumers at a network of retail locations through its BDCheckout product offering and through its website. The BDCheckout offering allows users similar functionality to the BTM kiosks, enabling users to load cash into their accounts at the checkout counter at retail locations, and use those funds to purchase cryptocurrency. The Company’s website allows users to purchase cryptocurrency online for which the Company earns a commission. Bitcoin Depot also offers a software solution to other BTM operators through its controlled subsidiary, BitAccess Inc. ("BitAccess").

(b) Background

Several factors affect the price of cryptocurrencies, including but not limited to: (a) global supply and demand; (b) investors’ expectations with respect to the rate of inflation; (c) interest rates; (d) currency exchange rates, including the rates at which cryptocurrencies may be exchanged for fiat currencies; (e) fiat currency withdrawal and deposit policies of electronic market places where traders may buy and sell cryptocurrencies based on bid-ask trading activity with the various exchanges and the liquidity of those exchanges; (f) interruptions in service from or failures of major cryptocurrency exchanges; (g) investment and trading activities of large investors, including private and registered funds, that may directly or indirectly invest in cryptocurrencies; (h) monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, currency devaluations and revaluations; (i) regulatory measures, if any, that restrict the use of cryptocurrencies as a form of payment; (j) the maintenance and development of the open-source protocol governing the cryptocurrency’s network; (k) global or regional political, economic or financial events and situations; (l) expectations among market participants that the value of a cryptocurrency will soon change; and (m) the reduction in mining rewards of Bitcoin, including block reward halving events, which are events that occur after a specific period of time and reduce the block reward earned by miners.

Global supply for a particular cryptocurrency is determined by the asset’s network source code, which sets the rate at which assets may be awarded to network participants. Global demand for cryptocurrencies is influenced by such factors as the increase in acceptance by retail merchants and commercial businesses of a cryptocurrency as a payment alternative, the security of online exchanges and digital wallets, the perception that the use of cryptocurrencies is safe and secure, and the lack of regulatory restrictions on their use. Additionally, there is no assurance that any cryptocurrency will maintain its long-term value in terms of purchasing power. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position and the results of its operations.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had current assets of $41.4 million, including cash and cash equivalents of $32.2 million, current liabilities of $45.6 million, total stockholders’ (deficit) of $(7.9) million and an accumulated deficit of $37.7 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized net income of $2.4 million, generated positive cash flows from operations of $17.3 million and had cash flows used in financing activities of $4.3 million, primarily due to the issuance of notes payable, distributions and payments on finance leases. The Company expects its existing cash and cash equivalents, together with cash provided by operations, to be sufficient to fund its operations for a period of 12 months from the date that these consolidated financial statements are issued.

(d) Risks and Uncertainties

The operations of Bitcoin Depot are subject to various regulatory challenges and uncertainties. The Company's ability to operate and expand its cryptocurrency kiosk services in compliance with applicable laws and regulations is a significant risk that may impact its financial performance and overall business prospects. The regulatory landscape surrounding cryptocurrencies, including the operation of crypto kiosks, is rapidly evolving and can vary significantly from one jurisdiction to another. The impact of heightened regulatory oversight is not yet known. For example, recent legislation in California regulates digital financial asset transaction kiosks (“crypto kiosks”) by imposing (i) a limit of $1,000 per day on the amount of funds the kiosk operator can accept from or dispense at its crypto kiosks; (ii) a limit on the direct and indirect charges an operator may collect from a customer for a single transaction to the greater of

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

$5 or 15% of the dollar equivalent of the digital assets involved in the transaction; (iii) requirements that specific information (including the amount of fees, expenses and charges, as well as any spread between the dollar price of the digital asset charged to the customer and the dollar price for that asset listed by a digital asset exchange) be disclosed both prior to a transaction and on transaction receipts printed by crypto kiosks following the transaction; and (iv) requiring operators to provide the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation with a list of all locations of the crypto kiosks that the operator owns, operates or manages in California. Other state agencies may propose and adopt new regulations (or interpret existing regulations) in ways that could result in significant adverse changes in the regulatory landscape for cryptocurrencies, regardless of whether these or other new laws are adopted.

The Company's financial performance and ability to achieve its business objectives may be significantly impacted by the outcome of ongoing regulatory discussions and potential changes in the regulatory framework governing cryptocurrencies in California and in other states that have passed, or may pass, similar legislation. These uncertainties have resulted in lower revenue and may continue to result in lower revenue and margin, increased compliance costs, operational restrictions, or limitations on the Company's ability to expand its services or enter new markets. Compliance with current and proposed legislation that has not yet been published may be more challenging and costly than anticipated.

In addition, the Company's ability to obtain and maintain the necessary licenses, permits, and approvals from state regulatory authorities is subject to various factors beyond its control, including changes in laws, regulations, or interpretations thereof. Failure to comply with these requirements may result in penalties, fines, or even the suspension or termination of the Company's operations in the state.

(2) Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Basis of Presentation

Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) with respect to interim reporting. The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2023 on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on April 15, 2024. The Company has included all normal recurring items and adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim period. The Company’s interim unaudited consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

The Company consolidates business enterprises that it controls by ownership of a majority voting interest. However, there are situations in which consolidation is required even though the usual condition of consolidation (ownership of a majority voting interest) does not apply. An enterprise must consolidate a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) if it is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary has both (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, and (b) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company consolidates all entities that it controls by ownership of a majority voting interest as well as VIEs for which the Company is the primary beneficiary.

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Bitcoin Depot Inc. and its controlled subsidiaries: BT HoldCo LLC ("BT HoldCo"), Bitcoin Depot Operating, LLC, Mintz Assets, Inc., Express Vending, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC, Digital Gold Ventures, Inc. (“Digital Gold”), BitAccess Inc., AUS BTM Pty Ltd, and BTM Solutions India Private Limited. BT HoldCo is a holding company with ownership of Bitcoin Depot Operating, LLC. Bitcoin Depot Operating, LLC is a holding company with ownership of Mintz Assets, Inc. and Intuitive Software, LLC. Mintz Assets, Inc. is a holding company that holds the ownership of Express Vending, Inc. Express Vending, Inc. is a Canadian corporation whose business activities include owning and operating a network of BTM kiosks in Canada. Intuitive Software, LLC is a holding company that holds an 82.14% equity interest (through its ownership of Digital Gold) in BitAccess Inc., a Canadian corporation. The non-controlling interests held by investors directly in BT HoldCo and BitAccess are presented separately as further discussed in Note 10. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reverse Recapitalization

GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. (“GSRM”) was a blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation on October 14, 2021, for the purpose of effecting a merger or similar business combination with one or more businesses. On March 1, 2022, GSRM

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

consummated its Initial Public Offering (“IPO”). On August 24, 2022, GSRM entered into a Transaction Agreement, as subsequently amended (the “Transaction Agreement”), by and among GSRM, GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”), Lux Vending, LLC (dba Bitcoin Depot) (“Legacy Bitcoin Depot”) and BT Assets, Inc. (“BT Assets”) (the “Transaction Agreement”). Prior to the events contemplated in the Transaction Agreement (collectively, the "Merger"), BT Assets was the sole owner and member in Legacy Bitcoin Depot (the "Member").

On June 30, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), Legacy Bitcoin Depot merged with and into Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC (“BT OpCo”), with BT OpCo surviving the Merger as the post-transaction operating company owned solely by a newly formed entity, BT HoldCo with common units (the “BT HoldCo Common Units”), preferred units (the “BT HoldCo Preferred Units”) and earnout units (the “BT HoldCo Earnout Units”) outstanding and issued to BT Assets. In connection with the Merger, GSRM changed its name to Bitcoin Depot Inc., purchased BT HoldCo Common Units owned by BT Assets and was issued BT HoldCo Earnout Units and warrants to purchase a number of BT HoldCo Common Units equal to the number of shares of Class A common stock that may be purchased upon the exercise in full of all Warrants outstanding immediately after Closing (“BT HoldCo Matching Warrants”). The former owners of Legacy Bitcoin Depot (i.e., BT Assets and the owners thereof) were issued 44,100,000 non-economic, super voting shares of Class V common stock in Bitcoin Depot. The Class V common stock held by BT Assets corresponds to units held by BT Assets in BT HoldCo and represents non-controlling interests in the Company, as described in Note 11. Following the closing of the Merger, the Company is organized under an “Up-C” structure in which the business of the Company is operated by BT HoldCo and its subsidiaries, and Bitcoin Depot’s only material direct asset consists of equity interests in BT HoldCo. At June 30, 2023, the Company had issued and outstanding 12,358,691 common units, 4,300,000 Series A Preferred Units and 43,848,750 warrants in BT HoldCo. Also at June 30, 2023, BT Assets owned 41,200,000 common units, 2,900,000 Founder Preferred Units, 5,000,000 Class 1 Earnout Units, 5,000,000 Class 2 Earnout Units and 5,000,000 Class 3 Earnout Units in BT HoldCo.

Notwithstanding the legal form of the Merger pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, the Merger was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. The Merger was accounted for as a common control transaction and reverse recapitalization in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), as BT Assets controls BT OpCo both before and after the transactions. Legacy Bitcoin Depot is determined to be the predecessor and represents a continuation of BT OpCo’s balance sheet and consolidated statement of (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income, reflective of the recapitalization of the Merger.

As a result of the reverse capitalization accounting, the assets and liabilities of Legacy Bitcoin Depot are reflected by the Company at their historical cost with no additional goodwill or intangible assets recorded, accompanied by a recapitalization of the equity structure.

In connection with the Merger, the Company’s Class A common stock is now listed on the National Association of Securities of Dealers Automated Quotations (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol BTM and the Warrants to purchase the Class A common stock are listed on the Nasdaq under the symbol BTMWW in lieu of the GSRM Ordinary Shares and GSRM’s warrants, respectively. GSRM’s units automatically separated into the GSRM’s Ordinary Shares and GSRM’s warrants and ceased trading separately on the Nasdaq following the Closing Date. Prior to the Merger, GSRM neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenue. Until the Merger, based on GSRM’s business activities, it was a shell company as defined under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

The consolidated assets, liabilities and results of operations prior to the Merger reflect those of Legacy Bitcoin Depot, which represents the predecessor of the Company. All such references to the Company for periods prior to the Merger refer to the activity of Lux Vending, LLC.

In connection with the Merger, the Company became the sole managing member of BT HoldCo, which holds all of the Company’s operating subsidiaries, and has the sole authority to make the key operating decisions on behalf of BT HoldCo. As such, the Company determined that BT HoldCo is a VIE and the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, these consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities and results of operations of BT HoldCo.

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, valuation of current and deferred income taxes, the determination of the useful lives of property and equipment, recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill, fair value of long-term debt, present value of lease liabilities and

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

right-of-use assets, assumptions and inputs for fair value measurements used in business combinations, impairments of cryptocurrencies, share-based compensation and contingencies, including liabilities that the Company deems are not probable of assertion. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

The Company maintains cash in established U.S. and Canadian financial institutions that often will exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts that are maintained at the financial institutions.

The Company maintains cash balances in its BTMs and in fiat wallets with cryptocurrency exchanges to facilitate the purchase and sale of cryptocurrencies. The cash balances in the BTMs are insured up to a specified limit. From time to time, the Company’s cash balance in the BTMs exceeds such limits. The Company had cash balances of $11.8 million and $12.2 million in BTMs at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Cash maintained in fiat wallets with cryptocurrency exchanges is not insured. The Company had $0.1 million in cash with cryptocurrency exchanges as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

A significant customer concentration is defined as one from whom at least 10% of revenue is derived. The Company had no significant customer concentration for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash maintained at various financial institutions, cryptocurrency exchanges, and in BTMs owned and leased by the Company.

Cash in transit consists of cash that is picked up by armored truck companies from the Company’s BTM machines but not yet deposited in the Company’s bank accounts. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had cash in transit of $4.2 million and $5.3 million, respectively. Management evaluates cash in transit based on outstanding cash deposits on cash picked up by the armored truck companies, historical cash deposits and cash that is lost during transit, which is immaterial. The armored truck companies maintain insurance over theft and losses.

(e) Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies are a unit of account that function as a medium of exchange on a respective blockchain network, a digital and decentralized ledger that keeps a record of all transactions that take place across a peer-to-peer network. The Company primarily purchases cryptocurrencies to sell to customers. The Company’s cryptocurrencies primarily consisted of Bitcoin (“BTC”) as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The Company accounts for cryptocurrencies as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, and they are recorded on the Company’s consolidated Balance Sheets at cost, less any impairments. The Company has control and ownership of its cryptocurrencies which are stored in both the Company’s proprietary hot wallets and hot wallets hosted by a third-party, BitGo, Inc.

The primary purpose of the Company’s operations is to buy and sell Bitcoin using the BTM kiosk network and other services. The Company does not engage in broker-dealer activities. The Company uses various exchanges and liquidity providers to purchase, liquidate and manage its cryptocurrency positions; however, this does not impact the accounting for these assets as intangible assets.

In June 2024, the Company announced plans to allocate a portion of its cash reserves to Bitcoin. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had Bitcoin with an adjusted cost basis of $0.7 million allocated to its treasury strategy within Cryptocurrencies on its Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Crypto Custody Asset and Safeguarding Liability

In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin 121 (SAB 121), the Company determined that it has a safeguarding obligation with respect to cryptocurrencies held in third-party operator wallets and in a shared wallet with one of its liquidity providers. The Company has certain obligations to safeguard these assets and/or private keys from loss, theft, or other misuse. The Company has adopted measures to safeguard crypto assets it secures, including establishing security around private key management to minimize the risk of theft or loss. The Company measures the safeguarding obligation liability initially and subsequently at the fair value of the digital

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

asset per the principal market in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, at midnight UTC on the last day of the reporting period. The custody asset is measured in the same manner, however, the carrying amount may be adjusted to reflect any actual or potential safeguarding loss events, such as those resulting from fraud or theft.

Impairment

Because the Company’s cryptocurrencies are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets, the cryptocurrencies are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired in accordance with ASC 350. The Company has determined that a decline in the quoted market price below the carrying value at any time during the assessed period is viewed as an impairment indicator because the cryptocurrencies are traded in active markets where there are observable prices. Therefore, the fair value is used to assess whether an impairment loss should be recorded. If the fair value of the cryptocurrency decreases below the initial cost basis or the carrying value during the assessed period, an impairment charge is recognized at that time in cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization). After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the cryptocurrency becomes its new accounting basis and this new cost basis will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value. For purposes of measuring impairment on its cryptocurrencies, the Company determines the fair value of its cryptocurrency on a non-recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on quoted (unadjusted) prices on an active exchange in the United States that the Company has determined is its principal market (Level 1 inputs).

The Company purchases cryptocurrencies, which are held in the Company’s hot wallets, on a just-in-time basis to facilitate sales to customers and mitigate exposure to volatility in cryptocurrency prices. The Company sells its cryptocurrencies to its customers from its BTM kiosks and BDCheckout locations in exchange for cash, for a prescribed transaction fee applied to the current market price of the cryptocurrency at the time of the transaction, plus a predetermined markup. When the cryptocurrency is sold to customers, the Company relieves the adjusted cost basis of its cryptocurrency, net of impairments, on a first-in, first-out basis within cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization).

The Company also allocates a portion of its cash reserves to Bitcoin. If the fair value of the cryptocurrency decreases below the initial cost basis or the carrying value during the period, an impairment charge is recognized at that time. After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the cryptocurrency becomes its new accounting basis and will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value.

The related cash flows from purchases and sales of cryptocurrencies are presented as cash flows from operating activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The related cash flows from investments in and sales of cryptocurrencies are presented as cash flows from investing activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

See Notes 2(i) and 2(j) to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s revenue recognition and cost of revenue related to the Company’s cryptocurrencies.

(f) Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Finance leases are stated at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The cost of assets sold, retired, or otherwise disposed of, and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from their respective accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income upon disposition.

Depreciation of property and equipment is determined using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:


Furniture and fixtures	7 years
Leasehold improvements	Lesser of estimated useful life or life of the lease
Kiosk machines - owned	7 years
Kiosk machines - leased	2-7 years
Vehicles	5 years

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Depreciation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 totaled $7.1 million, and $8.4 million, respectively. Depreciation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 totaled $1.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively.

In connection with an assessment of the estimated useful lives of the Company's owned and leased kiosks conducted in July 2024, the Company determined that the estimated useful lives of its owned and leased kiosks should be increased from 5 years to 7 years. This change in accounting estimate was effective beginning August 1, 2024 and is being applied on a prospective basis to the owned and leased kiosks on the Company's balance sheet as of July 31, 2024, as well as to subsequent kiosk leases or purchases. Based on the net carrying amount of assets in use as of August 1, 2024, the impact of this change was a reduction of $0.8 million in depreciation expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and no change to either basic or diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

(g) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be fully recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset group to its fair value, which is normally determined through analysis of the future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If such asset group is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount that the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset group. There were no impairments of long-lived assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

(h) Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the acquired assets, assumed liabilities, and any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity in a business combination. The Company tests for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company performs their annual test for impairment as of December 31 at the reporting unit level. There was no impairment of goodwill for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Intangible assets, net consists of tradenames, customer relationships, and software applications. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated lives and evaluated for impairment when an event or change in circumstances occurs that warrants such a review. Management periodically evaluates whether changes to estimated useful lives of intangible assets are necessary to ensure its estimates accurately reflect the economic use of the related intangible assets.

(i) Revenue Recognition

BTM Kiosks and BDCheckout

Revenue is principally derived from the sale of cryptocurrencies at the point-of-sale on transactions initiated by customers. These customer-initiated transactions are governed by terms and conditions agreed to at the time of each point-of-sale transaction and do not extend beyond the transaction. The Company charges a fee at the transaction level. The transaction price for the customer is the price of the cryptocurrency, which is based on the exchange value at the time of the transaction, plus a markup, and a flat fee. The exchange value is determined using real-time exchange prices and the markup percentage is determined by the Company and depends on the current market, competition, the geography of the location of the sale, and the method of purchase.

The Company’s revenue from contracts with customers is principally comprised of a single performance obligation to provide cryptocurrencies when customers buy cryptocurrencies at a BTM kiosk or through BDCheckout. BDCheckout sales are similar to sales from BTM kiosks in that, customers buy cryptocurrencies with cash; however, the BDCheckout transactions are completed at the checkout counter of retail locations, initiated using the Bitcoin Depot mobile app instead of through the BTM kiosks. Regardless of the method by which the customer purchases the cryptocurrency, the Company considers its performance obligation satisfied when control of the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer, which is at the point in time the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer’s cryptocurrency wallet and the transaction validated on the blockchain.

The typical process time for our transactions with customers is 30 minutes or less. Contract liabilities are amounts received from customers in advance of the Company transferring the cryptocurrencies to the customer’s wallet and the transaction validated on the blockchain. Contract liabilities are presented in “Deferred revenue” on the consolidated balance sheets and are not material as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Judgment is required in determining whether the Company is the principal or the agent in transactions with customers. The Company evaluates the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether it controls the cryptocurrency before control is transferred to the customer (gross) or whether it acts as an agent by arranging for other customers on the platform to provide the cryptocurrency to the customer (net). The Company controls the cryptocurrency before it is transferred to the customer, has ownership risk related to the cryptocurrency (including market price volatility), sets the transaction fee to be charged, and is responsible for transferring the cryptocurrency to the customer upon purchase. Therefore, the Company is the principal in transactions with customers and presents revenue and cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) from the sale of cryptocurrencies on a gross basis.

(j) Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

The Company’s cost of revenue consists primarily of direct costs related to selling cryptocurrencies and operating the Company’s network of BTM kiosks. The cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) caption includes cryptocurrency expenses, floorspace lease expenses, and kiosk operations expenses.

Cryptocurrency expenses

Cryptocurrency expenses include the cost of cryptocurrencies, fees paid to obtain cryptocurrencies, impairment of cryptocurrencies, gains on sales of cryptocurrencies on exchange, fees paid to operate the software on the BTM kiosks, and fees paid to transfer cryptocurrencies to customers.

Floorspace lease expenses

Floorspace lease expenses include lease expense related to the placement of BTM kiosks.

Kiosk operations expenses

Kiosk operations expenses include the cost of kiosk repair and maintenance and the cost of armored trucks to collect and transport cash deposited into the BTM kiosks.

The Company presents cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income exclusive of depreciation related to BTM kiosks and amortization of intangible assets related to software applications, tradenames and customer relationships.

(k) Advertising

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses were $4.8 million and $4.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Advertising expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $1.5 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Amounts are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income.

(l) Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company is the USD. The functional currency of Express Vending, Inc. is the Canadian Dollar. All revenue, cost and expense accounts are translated at an average of exchange rates in effect during the period. Assets and liabilities recorded in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate as of the balance sheet date. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity, identified as accumulated other comprehensive loss.

(m) Income Taxes

Bitcoin Depot Inc. is treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes.

BT HoldCo is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. Bitcoin Depot Operating, LLC is a single-member limited liability company and owned by BT HoldCo and with the consent of BT HoldCo, has elected under the Internal Revenue Code and similar state statutes to be a disregarded entity. In lieu of federal corporate income taxes, Bitcoin Depot Operating, LLC reflects its operating results on BT HoldCo’s federal tax return as a division of the partnership. As such, there were no federal income taxes for these entities.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Mintz Assets, Inc., is treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. Intuitive Software, LLC., and its wholly owned subsidiary, Digital Gold, are treated as corporations for federal income tax purposes. BitAccess Inc., and Express Vending, Inc., are each taxed as Canadian corporations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there was no activity for Mintz Assets, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC and Digital Gold. As such, there were no federal income taxes for these entities.

Deferred taxes are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and net operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

The effect of any tax rate change on deferred taxes is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date of the tax rate change. Realization of deferred tax assets is assessed on an annual basis and, unless a deferred tax asset is more likely than not to be utilized, a valuation allowance is recorded to write down the deferred tax assets to their net realizable value. In assessing the realizability of deferred income tax assets, management considers whether it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those deductible temporary differences reverse. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. For uncertain income tax positions, the Company uses a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold based on the technical merits of the income tax position taken. Income tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured in order to determine the tax benefit recognized in the financial statements. The Company recognizes accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as part of income tax expense. Penalties, if incurred, are recognized as a component of income tax expense.

(n) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Certain assets and liabilities are reported or disclosed at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in the Company’s principal market for such transactions. If the Company has not established a principal market for such transactions, fair value is determined based on the most advantageous market. The Company uses a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

•

Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

•

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

•

Level 3: Inputs that are generally unobservable, supported by little or no market activity, and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The categorization of an asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The valuation techniques used by the Company when measuring fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

(o) Share-Based Compensation

BitAccess

The Company maintains an equity award plan under which the officers and employees of BitAccess were awarded various types of share-based compensation, including options to purchase shares of BitAccess’ common stock and restricted stock units.

For stock options, share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of the awards on the date of grant, as estimated using

the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model requires management to make a number of assumptions, including the fair value and expected volatility of BitAccess' underlying BitAccess common stock price, expected life of the option, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividend yield. The fair value of the underlying stock is the estimated fair value of BitAccess common stock on the date of

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

grant. The expected stock price volatility assumption for BitAccess' stock is determined by using a weighted average of the historical stock price volatility of comparable companies from a representative peer group, as BitAccess stock is not actively traded. The Company uses historical exercise information and contractual terms of options to estimate the expected term. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds with terms consistent with the expected term of the award at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield assumption is based on BitAccess’ history and expectation of no dividend payouts.

2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan

In conjunction with the close of the Merger the Company established the Bitcoin Depot Inc. 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”) under which officers, directors, and employees may be awarded various types of share-based compensation, including but not limited to, restricted stock, stock options, and restricted stock units. Under the Incentive Plan, the Company has granted time-based and issued performance-based restricted stock units ("RSUs"). The Company recognizes compensation expense for the RSUs in accordance with ASC 718 - Compensation - Stock Compensation, ("ASC 718").

For RSUs, share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of the Company’s Class A common stock at the closing price on the day before the date of grant. Share-based compensation expense associated with time-based RSUs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period (generally the vesting period). Share-based compensation expense associated with performance-based RSUs is determined based on the number of performance-based RSUs that are earned based on the Company's achievement of certain adjusted EBITDA targets that are determined and approved by the Company's Compensation Committee at its sole discretion. Forfeitures of awards granted under the Incentive Plan are accounted for at the time the forfeiture occurs.

(p) Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (the “CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a global, consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, the Company has determined that it operates as one operating segment and one reportable segment.

(q) Net Income Per Share Attributable to Class A Common Stock

Basic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to the Company by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding and Series A Preferred Stock outstanding, which has similar economic rights to the Class A common stock during the same period. Diluted net income per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to the Company by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities. Potential shares of common stock consist of incremental shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of stock options and warrants, vesting of RSUs, vesting of Class E common stock and Class V common stock and conversion of the Company’s preferred stock, as applicable. The weighted-average shares outstanding used to compute net income per common share, basic and diluted, were 20,701,447 and 18,908,391 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The weighted-average shares outstanding used to compute net income per common share, basic and diluted, were 16,658,691 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

(r) Litigation

The Company assesses legal contingencies in accordance with ASC 450 - Contingencies and determines whether a legal contingency is probable, reasonably possible or remote. When contingencies become probable and can be reasonably estimated, the Company records an estimate of the probable loss. When contingencies are considered probable or reasonably possible but cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the contingency when the probable or reasonably possible loss could be material. Legal costs are expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred.

(s) Earnouts

At the closing of the Merger, GSRM received a total of 1,075,761 earnout shares (“Sponsor Earnout Shares”) in the form of Class E common stock of the Company. In current form, the Sponsor Earnout Shares are represented by the Company’s Class E-1, E-2, and E-3 common stock, each class comprising of one-third (1/3) of the total Sponsor Earnout Shares, or 358,587 shares each. Class E-1 Shares automatically convert to Class A common stock if during the seven-year period following the closing of the Merger, the Company’s stock price is greater than $12.00 over 10 trading days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

consecutive trading days (“First Milestone”). Class E-2 and Class E-3 are subject to similar milestones. The “Second Milestone” is reached when the Company’s stock price is greater than $14.00 per share over any 10 trading days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive trading days during the seven-year period following the Merger. The “Third Milestone” has a threshold of $16.00 per share over any 10 trading days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive trading days during the 10-year period following the Merger.

In addition to the Sponsor Earnout Shares, certain owners of BT HoldCo are entitled to receive an additional 15,000,000 BT HoldCo Earnout Units (“BT Earnout”). The BT Earnout is structured similarly to the Sponsor Earnout Shares with consistent milestones and vesting conditions.

The Company evaluated the Sponsor Earnout Shares and BT HoldCo Earnout Shares under ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, and concluded equity classification is appropriate. As equity-classified contracts, the Sponsor Earnout Shares are not subject to remeasurement provided the conditions for equity-classification continue to be met. The Sponsor Earnout Shares have been recorded in connection with the reverse recapitalization accounting as part of the adjustment to accumulated deficit due to the absence of additional paid in capital.

In connection with the Merger, the BT Earnout will be settled in Common Units which represent non-controlling interest, to be measured under the hypothetical liquidation at book value method, as described further in Note 11.

(t) Warrants

In connection with the Merger, the Company assumed a total of 43,848,750 Warrants, consisting of 31,625,000 Public Warrants and 12,223,750 Private Placement Warrants issued by GSRM which continue to be outstanding following the Merger. The outstanding Warrants are accounted for as freestanding equity contracts and are classified in equity under ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity.

(u) Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements.

(3) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Pronouncement Adopted

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers,” which requires entities to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination as if the acquiring entity had originated the contracts. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted this accounting standard effective January 1, 2023 with no impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions,” which clarifies that contractual sale restrictions are not considered in measuring fair value of equity securities and requires additional disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this accounting standard effective January 1, 2024 with no material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

period of adoption. The amendments are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this accounting standard effective January 1, 2024 with no impact on interim financial statements.

Accounting Pronouncement Pending Adoption

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06 "Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosures Update and Simplification Initiative". The guidance amends certain disclosure and presentation requirements related to the statement of cash flows, accounting changes and error corrections, earnings per share, interim reporting, commitments, debt, equity, derivatives, transfers and services and various industry specific guidance. For entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosure requirements, the effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC's removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective. However, if by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the existing disclosure requirements, the amendments will not become effective. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is still assessing the impacts to its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09 "Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (Topic 740)". The ASU requires companies to break out their income tax expense, income tax rate reconciliation and income tax payments made in more detail. For public companies, the requirements will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is still assessing the impacts to its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-08 "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60) Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets". ASU 2023-08 will require entities to measure crypto assets that meet the scope criteria at fair value and to reflect changes in fair value in net income each reporting period. The amendments in ASU 2023-08 will also require entities to present crypto assets measured at fair value separately from other intangible assets on the balance sheet and changes in the fair value measurement of crypto assets separately from changes in the carrying amounts of other intangible assets on the income statement. The amendments in the ASU are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for both interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is still assessing the impacts to its consolidated financial statements.

(4) Merger

For accounting purposes, the Merger was treated as the equivalent of Bitcoin Depot issuing stock for the net assets of GSRM accompanied by a recapitalization. The following summarizes the elements of the Merger to the consolidated Statement of Cash flows, including the transaction funding, sources and uses of cash (in thousands):


	Recapitalization
Cash - GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp Trust	$	332,102
Less: GSRM transactions cost paid from Trust (1)		(25,958	)
Less: Purchase of BT HoldCo common units from BT Assets		(10,066	)
Less: Redemptions of existing shareholders of GSRM		(292,735	)
Net proceeds from SPAC shareholders		3,343
Assumed net liabilities from GSRM, excluding net cash proceeds		(6,850	)
Net Impact of the Merger on the Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity	$	(3,507	)

(1) Includes the following: Transaction costs paid from SPAC trust account include $18.7 million of non-redemption payments, $4.9 million of other transaction-related expenses and $2.4 million of franchise and income taxes, all of which were recorded by GSRM.

PIPE Financing

On June 23, 2023, GSRM entered into a private placement agreement with certain subscribers (“Subscribers”). Concurrently with the closing of the Merger, the Subscribers purchased 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in exchange for a subscription receivable (“Subscription Receivable”). The terms of the Subscription Receivable provide that the Subscribers would pay a purchase price of up to $43.3 million if the trading price of the Company’s Class A common stock exceeded certain hurdle prices ranging from $10.50 to $11.39 per share over the period from September 2023 through February 2024 (or April 2024 if the Company elected certain extensions). The price paid by the Subscribers would be reduced if the trading price did not exceed the hurdle price and, if the Class

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

A common stock trading price declined to zero, could have resulted in the Company making a cash payment to the Subscribers of up to $10.9 million (or $12.1 million if the Company elected to extend the observation period).

For purposes of settlement payments under the Subscription Receivable, the notional amount of 5,000,000 shares consisted of (a) the 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock sold at the closing of the Merger, and (b) 700,000 shares of Class A common stock that were held by the Subscribers prior to the consummation of the Merger. The Subscribers also entered into non-redemption agreements with the Company and received additional shares of Class A common stock in exchange for their commitments not to redeem in connection with the Merger. See the discussion below under GSRM Share Issuance for further information.

The Series A Preferred Stock issued to the Subscribers was recorded in stockholders' equity at a fair value of approximately $13.9 million based on the price of the Company's Class A common stock as the Series A Preferred Stock are convertible at any time by the Subscribers on a 1:1 basis.

The Subscription Receivable represented a hybrid financial instrument comprising a subscription receivable and a compound embedded derivative. The host subscription receivable was recognized at fair value as a reduction in stockholders’ equity. The embedded derivative represented a net cash settled forward contract with a value that is indexed to the trading price of the Company’s Class A common stock and was bifurcated pursuant to subtopic ASC 815-15 Embedded derivatives, and was initially recorded as a liability at de minimus fair value at inception, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.

On October 11, 2023, the PIPE Agreement was settled with the Subscribers for de minimus consideration. The effects of the settlement resulted in the elimination of the Subscription Receivable and the embedded derivative liability. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized approximately $9.2 million in expenses related to the agreement which includes $0.9 million of cash fees and is included within other (expense) income on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Non-Redemption Agreements

Prior to the Merger, GSRM entered into voting and non-redemption agreements (“Voting and Non-Redemption Agreements”) with unaffiliated third parties (“Non-Redeeming Stockholders”) in exchange for such Non-Redeeming Stockholders, including the Subscribers referenced above, agreeing to either not redeem or to reverse any previously submitted redemption request with respect to an aggregate of 6,833,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock sold in its initial public offering (“Non-Redeemed Shares”) and to allow the Company, without another stockholder vote, to further extend the date to consummate an initial business combination on a monthly basis up to eight times by an additional one month each time after July 1, 2023 (each one month extension, a “Monthly Extension”), until March 1, 2024, unless the closing of an initial business combination shall have occurred prior thereto (the “Extension”). As noted above the Merger closed on June 30, 2023.

GSRM Share Issuance

In exchange for the foregoing commitments not to redeem such Non-Redeemed Shares, GSRM had agreed to issue to the Non-Redeeming Stockholders an aggregate of 68,330 shares (“Commitment Shares”) (representing 1% of the Non-Redeemed Shares) of the Company’s Class A common stock. The Non-Redeeming Stockholders also received 136,660 shares (“Extension Shares”) of the Company’s Class A common stock in connection with the initial extension. Additionally, a backstop fee was paid immediately upon closing of the Merger, which was paid to all Non-Redeeming Stockholders, except for one investor, to which the Company paid the backstop fee in the form of 454,350 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. In total, the Company issued 659,340 shares of Class A common stock at the closing of the Merger and $18.7 million of cash was paid out of the SPAC trust account proceeds. The cash paid by GSRM to Non-Redeeming Stockholders of $18.7 million reduced GSRM’s trust account balance at closing of the Merger. In connection with the reverse recapitalization, the Company recorded the remaining trust account balance and other net liabilities as an adjustment to accumulated deficit on the consolidated Balance Sheet and Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity. The expenses related to the Non-Redemption Agreements and the SPAC Share Issuance described above have been recognized in the GSRM Statement of Operations as these transactions occurred prior to the Merger.

(5) Related Party Transactions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Legacy Bitcoin Depot distributed to BT Assets 112.4 Litecoin ("LTC") and 7.5 Ethereum ("ETH") with a total cost basis of $0.02 million. Total cash distributions made to BT Assets during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $15.0 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Total cash distributions made to BT Assets during

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $22.7 million and $13.0 million, respectively. Cash distributions are classified as cash outflows from financing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The total cash and non-cash distributions are reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity and the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Member's Equity. Based on the Operating Agreement distributions made after the closing of the Merger are considered tax distributions.

At the closing of the Merger, the Company entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement with BT HoldCo and BT Assets. Pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement, the Company is generally required to pay BT Assets 85% of the amount of savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign income taxes that we realize, or in certain circumstances are deemed to realize. See Note 15. Income Taxes for further discussion.

In connection with the closing of the Merger, the Company entered into separate indemnification agreements with its directors and executive officers. These agreements, among other things, require the Company to indemnify its directors and executive officers for certain costs, charges and expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts, reasonably incurred by a director or executive officer in any action or proceeding because of their association with the Company or any of its subsidiaries. No amounts have been recognized related to these agreements as of September 30, 2024.

On July 1, 2024, the Company declared and paid a $15.0 million preferred distribution to BT Assets as a partial return of BT Asset's preferred on the preferred units it holds in BT HoldCo. In the third quarter of 2024, the Company paid a $0.2 million tax distribution to BT Assets. The distribution amounts reduce the preferred dividend attributable to the Non-Controlling Interest from $29.0 million to a remaining balance of $13.8 million.

On July 10, 2024, the Company entered into a Kiosk Service Agreement with an entity owned by the CEO, that owns and operates kiosks unrelated to the Company’s Bitcoin ATM business. The agreement provides for the following services: kiosk placement, treasury management and other back office services. The Company will receive 30% of the net profit as compensation. The Company did not have any revenue and only incurred an immaterial amount of start-up costs related to this agreement in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Sopris Capital transactions

Class A Common purchase

During the second quarter of 2024, Sopris Capital ("Sopris") acquired 2,906,976 Class A common shares for $5.0 million from the Company. As part of this transaction, BT Assets exchanged 2,906,976 Class V common shares representing approximately 16.8% of the Class A Common shares outstanding and received $5.0 million. The exchange resulted in $0.5 million Re-Capitalization between the Non-Controlling Interest and the PubCo Shareholders which is reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity. See Note (14) Common Stock, Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity for additional discussion regarding this exchange. Prior to this exchange, this party was an unaffiliated entity.

Franchise profit share program

During the second quarter of 2024, the Company entered into a kiosk profit share franchise agreement with Sopris. Under the terms of the Agreement, Sopris receives a share in the profits generated by a group of specifically identified 50 kiosks for a period of 5 years for total consideration of $0.6 million. As a result of the consideration received up front, the Company's determined this arrangement is treated under ASC 470, Debt. The upfront payment was recognized as long term liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As the Company makes payments under this arrangement a portion of the payment is considered a repayment of principal and interest expense.

In July 2024, Sopris invested in an additional 200 BTMs related to our franchise profit share program for a period of 5 years for total consideration of $2 million.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(6) Revenue

Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
BTM Kiosks	$	134,851	$	178,694	$	434,918	$	538,637
BDCheckout		126		273		522		874
Company Website		177		352		725		520
Software Services		116		142		379		430
Hardware Revenue		1		22		332		100
Total Revenue	$	135,271	$	179,483	$	436,876	$	540,561

(7) Cost of Revenue (Excluding Depreciation and Amortization)

The following table presents cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) by category (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Cryptocurrency expenses	$	97,555	$	138,828	$	327,778	$	419,682
Floorspace lease expenses		10,007		8,489		27,663		26,270
Kiosk operations expenses		5,291		5,228		15,407		15,135
Total Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately)	$	112,853	$	152,545	$	370,848	$	461,087

The following table presents the components of cryptocurrency expenses (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - BTM Kiosk	$	97,425	$	138,551	$	326,734	$	418,425
Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - BDCheckout		109		234		448		749
Software Processing Fees		4		8		49		267
Exchange Fees		—		1		—		21
Mining Fees		15		30		540		207
Software Processing Fee - BDCheckout		2		4		7		13
Total cryptocurrency expenses	$	97,555	$	138,828	$	327,778	$	419,682

(1)

Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $2.5 million and $1.8 million were offset by no gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies on exchange for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Impairment of $6.6 million and $6.4 million were offset by gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies on exchange of $0.0 million and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following table reconciles amounts excluded from the cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) caption in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income included in total depreciation and amortization expense in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the period presented (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Depreciation of owned BTM kiosks	$	970	$	919	$	3,505	$	1,794
Depreciation of leased BTM kiosks		880		1,862		3,469		6,375
Amortization of intangible assets		383		382		1,116		1,134
Total depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of revenue	$	2,233	$	3,163	$	8,090	$	9,303
Other depreciation and amortization included in operating expenses		12		97		94		251
Total depreciation and amortization	$	2,245	$	3,260	$	8,184	$	9,554

(8) Fair Value Measurements

Contingent consideration

The following table presents the changes in the estimated fair value and level of the contingent consideration liability (in thousands):



Beginning balance - January 1, 2023	$	1,841
Change in fair value during the period		69
Payment made during the period		—
Balance - March 31, 2023		1,910
Change in fair value during the period		73
Payment made during the period		—
Balance - June 30, 2023		1,983
Change in fair value during the period		17
Payment made during the period		(2,000	)
Balance - September 30, 2023		—
Ending balance - December 31, 2023	$	—

Contingent consideration related to the BitAccess acquisition in July 2021 was measured at the probability-weighted fair value at the date of acquisition, which was estimated by applying an income valuation approach based on Level 3 inputs consisting primarily of a discount rate and probability of achieving the performance metrics. During the year-ended December 31, 2022, the Company made the first year payment of $2.0 million to the former owners of BitAccess as the performance conditions were determined to have been met. In addition, the Company amended the contingent consideration arrangement to remove the performance conditions for the second year payment such that the full $2.0 million related to the second year payment would be paid out in accordance with the agreement on July 31, 2023. As a result of the change in the agreement, the contingent liability changed from Level 3 to Level 1, in accordance with ASC 820. The change in fair value of the contingent consideration is recognized in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The difference between the recorded fair value of the payments and the ultimate payment amounts was not material to any period. In July 2023, in accordance with the BitAccess acquisition agreement, the Company paid $2.0 million to settle the remaining contingent consideration.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets are adjusted down to fair value when an impairment charge is recognized. Certain fair value measurements are based predominantly on Level 3 inputs. No impairment charges related to goodwill, intangible assets, operating lease right-of-use assets and property and equipment have been recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The carrying value of the Company’s cryptocurrency reflects any impairment charges recorded since its purchase or receipt based on Level 1 inputs. The Company's safeguarding liability and corresponding asset are valued using quoted prices on the principal market which are Level 1 inputs. The Company was not aware of any actual or possible safeguarding loss events as of September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023, and accordingly, the bitcoin safeguarding obligation liability and the corresponding asset were recorded at the same value. The fair value of the safeguarding asset and liability is recognized in Prepaid and other current assets and Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, see Notes 9 and 10, respectively. Due to the change in fair values of the cryptocurrency and the variability of quantity held at each reporting period, the Company anticipates these balances could change significantly at the end of each reporting period.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured and Recorded at Fair Value

The Company considers the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses in the consolidated financial statements to approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The Company estimates the fair value of its fixed-rated notes payable based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input. As of September 30, 2024, the estimated fair value of the fixed-rate notes were approximately $39.8 million and the carrying value was $40.2 million.

The carrying value of the notes payable related to the Company's franchise profit sharing arrangements was initially determined as the initial investment and is updated quarterly using a retrospective interest method. The effective interest rate used is determined based on actual and projected profit sharing payments which are generally unobservable inputs and are considered Level 3 fair value estimates. As of September 30, 2024, the estimated the carrying value and fair value of the notes payable related to the franchise profit sharing arrangements was approximately $6.3 million.

(9) Prepaid expenses and other current assets

The following table presents Prepaid expenses and other current assets (in thousands):



	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Prepaid expenses	$	3,760	$	2,334
Cryptocurrency safeguarding asset		2,678		3,040
Other current assets		1,015		1,180
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	7,453	$	6,554

(10) Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

The following table presents Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (in thousands):



	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Payables to liquidity providers	$	3,590	$	5,143
Cryptocurrency safeguarding liability		2,678		3,040
Accrued expenses		13,928		13,362
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	20,196	$	21,545

(11) Non-controlling interests

The following table presents the changes in the balances of non-controlling interests for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)


	BitAccess			BT HoldCo			Total
Beginning balance July 1, 2024	$	2,767		$	18,337		$	21,104
Distributions		—			(15,000	)		(15,000	)
Share-based compensation expense		8			—			8
Foreign currency translation		—			(13	)		(13	)
Net income (loss)		(128	)		3,366			3,238
Ending balance September 30, 2024	$	2,647		$	6,690		$	9,337
Beginning balance January 1, 2024	$	2,707		$	22,480		$	25,187
Distributions		—			(22,748	)		(22,748	)
Share-based compensation expense		24			—			24
Redemption of non-controlling interest		—			(585	)		(585	)
Net income (loss)		(84	)		7,543			7,459
Ending balance September 30, 2024	$	2,647		$	6,690		$	9,337


	BitAccess			Bitcoin Depot Inc.			Total
Beginning balance July 1, 2023	$	2,480		$	9,866		$	12,346
Distributions		—			(294	)		(294	)
Stock compensation		146			—			146
Foreign currency translation		—			87			87
Net income (loss)		(137	)		8,300			8,163
Ending balance September 30, 2023	$	2,489		$	17,959		$	20,448
Beginning balance January 1, 2023	$	2,230		$	—		$	2,230
Distributions		—			(294	)		(294	)
Stock compensation		528			—			528
Foreign currency translation		—			87			87
Recapitalization		—			9,866			9,866
Net income (loss)		(269	)		8,300			8,031
Ending balance September 30, 2023	$	2,489		$	17,959		$	20,448

Non-controlling Interest - BitAccess

In July 2021, the Company obtained a controlling interest in BitAccess Inc. in a business combination. The un-affiliated interest in BitAccess Inc. is reported as non-controlling interests in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. As of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the non-controlling interest ownership was 17.86%.

The non-controlling interest has certain rights as defined in the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement, including the right, but not the obligation, to cause the Company to purchase the non-controlling interest immediately prior to a liquidity event (as defined in the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement) at the fair value of the non-controlling interest as of the liquidity event. The non-controlling interest is not mandatorily redeemable. The Company also holds a right, but not an obligation, to cause the non-controlling interest holders to sell the non-controlling interest under the same conditions.

Non-controlling Interest - BT HoldCo

As of September 30, 2024, the Company is the primary beneficiary of BT HoldCo. The majority stockholder of BT HoldCo, BT Assets, holds 41,193,024 common units, and 2,900,000 preferred units of BT HoldCo, along with 41,193,024 Class V voting, non-economic shares in the Company. BT Assets has the right to exchange the common units, together with a corresponding number of shares of Class V common stock, for, at the Company’s option, (i) shares of the Company’s Class A common stock or (ii) cash from a substantially concurrent public offering or private sale (based on the price of the Company’s Class A common stock). The ownership interests in BT HoldCo held by BT Assets represent the non-controlling interest not directly attributable to Bitcoin Depot and are reported as part of non-controlling interests in BT HoldCo on the accompanying consolidated financial statements. See below the ownership percentage as of the reporting period end. As of September 30, 2024, BT Assets had exchanged 2,906,976 common units.

The following table summarizes the ownership interests in BT HoldCo common units:

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)


	As of September 30, 2024					As of December 31, 2023
	BT HoldCo		Ownership %			BT HoldCo		Ownership %
Number of BT HoldCo interests held by Bitcoin Depot Inc.		20,919,174		32.18	%		16,727,691		27.50	%
Number of BT HoldCo interests held by non-controlling interest holders		41,193,024		67.82	%		44,100,000		72.50	%
Total BT HoldCo interests outstanding		62,112,198		100.00	%		60,827,691		100.00	%

The following table summarizes the redemptions BT HoldCo interests:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024		Year Ended December 31, 2023
Redemption and acquisition of BT HoldCo interests:
Number of BT HoldCo interests redeemed by the non-controlling interest holders		2,906,976		—
Number of BT HoldCo interests received by PubCo		2,906,976		—
Issuance of Class A common stock:
Shares of Class A common stock issued in connection with the redemption of BT HoldCo interests		2,906,976		—
Cancellation of BT HoldCo common units and Class V units:
Number of BT HoldCo common Units surrendered		2,906,976		—
Number of PubCo Class V units surrendered		2,906,976		—

The preferred units are entitled to a $10.00 per unit preference (total preference of $29.0 million) on liquidation or distribution before any distributions may be made to other unitholders (other than certain permitted tax distributions). After the close of the Merger, up to $29.0 million of the net income from BT OpCo may be allocated to BT HoldCo. If net income exceeds $29.0 million, such excess income will be allocated to Bitcoin Depot and BT HoldCo based on their pro rata economic ownership interest in BT OpCo. When the preference amount is paid, the preferred units are automatically converted to common units. As such, the Company uses the
Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value (“HLBV”) method to determine its equity in the earnings of BT HoldCo. Under the HLBV method, a calculation is prepared at each balance sheet date to determine the amount that the Company would receive if BT HoldCo were to liquidate all of its assets (at book value in accordance with U.S. GAAP) on that date and distribute the net proceeds to the partners based on the contractually-defined liquidation priorities. The difference between the net assets at the beginning and end of the period, after adjusting for capital contributions, tax distributions, stock compensation and distributions, is the Company’s income or loss from BT HoldCo for the period.

As of September 30, 2024, the non-controlling interest ownership of BT HoldCo was 67.8% and and the non-controlling interest was $6.7 million. As of December 31, 2023, the non-controlling interest ownership of BT HoldCo was 72.6% and and the non-controlling interest was $25.2 million.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(12) Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrency transactions

The following tables present additional information about the adjusted cost basis of cryptocurrencies, including those allocated to the Company's treasury strategy, (in thousands):


	BTC			ETH		Total
Beginning balance—January 1, 2024	$	711		$	1	$	712
Purchase or receipts of cryptocurrency		108,094			—		108,094
Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed		(106,303	)		—		(106,303	)
Impairment of cryptocurrencies		(2,062	)		—		(2,062	)
Balance—March 31, 2024	$	440		$	1	$	441
Purchase or receipts of cryptocurrency		121,874			—		121,874
Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed		(119,675	)		—		(119,675	)
Impairment of cryptocurrencies		(2,040	)		—		(2,040	)
Balance—June 30, 2024	$	599		$	1	$	600
Purchase or receipts of cryptocurrency		98,470			—		98,470
Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed		(95,272	)		—		(95,272	)
Impairment of cryptocurrencies		(2,487	)		—		(2,487	)
Balance—September 30, 2024	$	1,310		$	1	$	1,311


	BTC			ETH			LTC			Total
Beginning balance—January 1, 2023	$	523		$	9		$	8		$	540
Purchase or receipts of cryptocurrency		127,530			4			3			127,537
Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed		(125,465	)		(12	)		(11	)		(125,488	)
Impairment of cryptocurrencies		(2,187	)		—			—			(2,187	)
Balance—March 31, 2023	$	401		$	1		$	—		$	402
Purchase or receipts of cryptocurrency		153,351			—			—			153,351
Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed		(150,552	)		—			—			(150,552	)
Impairment of cryptocurrencies		(2,390	)		—			—			(2,390	)
Balance—June 30, 2023	$	810		$	1		$	—		$	811
Purchase or receipts of cryptocurrency		139,065			—			—			139,065
Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed		(137,288	)		—			—			(137,288	)
Impairment of cryptocurrencies		(1,793	)		—			—			(1,793	)
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	794		$	1		$	—		$	795

Purchases or receipts of cryptocurrency consists of: (a) cash paid by the Company to purchase cryptocurrencies on various exchanges and from liquidity providers and related transaction costs to acquire the cryptocurrencies, (b) receipts of cryptocurrency sold to the Company by customers at the BTM kiosks, and (c) receipts of cryptocurrency received by the Company as consideration for company website and software services revenue. Costs of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed represents the adjusted cost basis of cryptocurrencies sold to customers or payments made in cryptocurrencies, recorded through the date of disposition.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $3.6 million and $5.1 million due to liquidity providers related to Bitcoin purchased during the period. These amounts are paid in cash, generally within one week from which the expenses are incurred and are presented within “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(13) Notes Payable

Credit Agreement

On December 21, 2020, the Company entered into a credit agreement with a financial institution (the "Credit Agreement") which provided for initial term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million, comprised of two $12.5 million tranches, and which

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

accrued interest at a rate of 15% per annum (the “note”). In 2021, the Company utilized the delayed draw facility of the Credit Agreement and amended the note to provide an additional $15.0 million to fund the acquisition of BitAccess Inc. In March 2022, the note was again amended to provide an additional term loan in an aggregate principal amount of $5.0 million.

On May 2, 2023, the Company amended its note with its lender. Pursuant to the amendment, the accelerated repayment feature in the event of a business combination transaction or a change in control transaction was removed and the repayment date was extended to August 15, 2023 to allow for a renegotiation of the repayment schedule. In addition, the fixed interest rate in the note was modified to increase the rate from 15% per annum to 20% per annum effective February 16, 2023 through August 15, 2023, and a catch-up payment was made for the incremental interest from February 16, 2023 through May 1, 2023 of approximately $0.3 million.

On June 23, 2023, the Company amended and restated its credit agreement (the "Amended and Restated Note") with its existing lender. Under the Amended and Restated Note, the Company refinanced $20.8 million of the note which is subject to an annual interest at a rate of 17% per annum. The Company is required to make monthly interest payments and fixed principal payments every six months beginning on December 15, 2023 through June 15, 2026. In connection with the Amended and Restated Note, the Company repaid approximately $16.4 million of the outstanding principal balance, refinanced $20.8 million of the outstanding principal balance and paid an exit fee of $2.3 million. The Amended and Restated Note matures on June 23, 2026, at which time, any outstanding principal balance and any accrued interest become due. Additionally, the Company is required to pay an exit fee of $1.8 million upon maturity or prepayment and accordingly, has included this amount in the note payable, non-current in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In conjunction with the transaction, Legacy Bitcoin Depot and BT Assets, Inc. were substituted for BT OpCo and BT HoldCo, LLC respectively. The Amended and Restated Note is collateralized by substantially all of the assets of BT HoldCo, LLC and Mintz Assets, Inc., Express Vending, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC, Digital Gold Ventures, Inc. and BitAccess Inc. The Company is subject to certain financial covenants contained in the Amended and Restated Note, which require BT HoldCo and certain of its subsidiaries to maintain certain cash balances, and a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio, in addition to customary administrative covenants. The Company accounted for the Amended and Restated Note as a debt modification in accordance with ASC 470, Debt.

On March 26, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment to the Amended and Restated Note dated June 23, 2023 to provide an additional $15.7 million in principal financing. This amendment increased the aggregate principal amount of the term loan facility to $35.6 million which consists of $19.9 million which was outstanding under the original loan and $15.7 million in additional principal resulting in net cash flow of $15.2 million related to the amendment. The Company accounted for the amendment as an extinguishment of debt in accordance with ASC 470, Debt. As such, the Company recognized the outstanding deferred financing costs of $3.2 million as a loss on extinguishment of debt in interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income which consisted of a $2.7 million write off unamortized deferred loan costs and $0.5 million in loan origination fees related to the amendment.

As a part of the amendment, the Company incurred an additional exit fee of $1.3 million which is due upon either maturity or the prepayment of the note. The total deferred financing costs associated with the amendment were $1.4 million (which includes the exit fee of $1.3 million) and are reflected as a reduction of the note proceeds. The Company will recognize these deferred financing costs, using the effective interest method over the term of the note.

Other Debt

Kiosk Profit Share Franchise Arrangements

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the Company entered into franchise profit sharing arrangements that were classified as debt in accordance with ASC 470, Debt. The Company recorded debt of $0.6 million and $3.2 million as a result of these franchise profit sharing arrangements, maturing in April 2029 and April 2032, respectively, with principal and interest paid monthly via profit sharing payments.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company entered into additional franchise profit sharing arrangements. The Company recorded debt of $0.7 million and $2.0 million as a result of these franchise profit sharing arrangements, maturing in June 2029 and September 2032, respectively, with principal and interest paid monthly via profit sharing payments.

The carrying values of the notes payable related to the Company's franchise profit sharing arrangements were initially determined as the initial investment and are updated quarterly using a retrospective interest method. The effective interest rate used in the

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

calculation of monthly interest is determined based on actual and projected profit sharing payments and is updated on a quarterly basis under the retrospective interest method.

Equipment Financing

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the Company entered into three, 36-month collateralized term loans in the amounts of $0.6 million, $0.5 million, and $0.5 million, to facilitate the purchase of BTM kiosks. In accordance with the term loans, the kiosks are collateral for the loans. The loans are subject to annual interest rates of 16.86%, 17.27%, and 17.27%, respectively, with interest and principal payments due monthly.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company entered into two, 36-month collateralized term loans in the amounts of $0.7 million and $0.2 million, to facilitate the purchase of BTM kiosks. In accordance with the term loans, the kiosks are collateral for the loans. The loans are subject to an annual interest rate of 17.42% with interest and principal payments due monthly.

Notes payable consisted of the following as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):


	Notes Payable as of September 30, 2024									Notes Payable as of December 31, 2023
	Credit Agreement			Other Debt			Total			Credit Agreement			Other Debt			Total
Credit agreement	$	34,583		$	—		$	34,583		$	19,920		$	—		$	19,920
Other debt		—			9,914			9,914			—			2,597			2,597
Total notes payable principal outstanding		34,583			9,914			44,497			19,920			2,597			22,517
Plus: exit fee due upon repayment of debt		3,098			—			3,098			1,764			—			1,764
Less: unamortized deferred financing costs		(871	)		—			(871	)		(3,195	)		—			(3,195	)
Total notes payable		36,810			9,914			46,724			18,489			2,597			21,086
Less: current portion of notes payable		(3,429	)		(1,431	)		(4,860	)		(2,283	)		(1,702	)		(3,985	)
Notes payable, non-current	$	33,381		$	8,483		$	41,864		$	16,206		$	895		$	17,101

At September 30, 2024, aggregate future principal payments are as follows (in thousands):


	Aggregate Future Principal Payments at September 30, 2024
	Credit Agreement		Other Debt		Total
Remainder of 2024	$	1,245	$	171	$	1,416
2025		4,733		1,595		6,328
2026		28,605		1,530		30,135
2027		—		832		832
2028		—		660		660
Thereafter		—		5,126		5,126
Total	$	34,583	$	9,914	$	44,497

(14) Common Stock, Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity

The Company is authorized to issue seven classes of stock designated, Class A common stock, Class B common stock, Class M common stock, Class O common stock, Class V common stock (together with Class A common stock, Class B common stock, Class M common stock and Class O common stock, the “Voting Common Stock”) and Class E common stock (together with the Voting Common Stock, the “Common Stock”) and Preferred Stock. The total number of shares of capital stock which the Company shall have authority to issue is 2,223,250,000, divided into the following:


	As of September 30, 2024
	Series A Preferred		Class A		Class B		Class E		Class M		Class O		Class V
Shares authorized		50,000,000		800,000,000		20,000,000		2,250,000		300,000,000		800,000,000		300,000,000
Shares outstanding		3,075,000		17,653,554		—		1,075,761		—		—		41,193,024
Par value	$	0.0001	$	0.0001	$	0.0001	$	0.0001	$	0.0001	$	0.0001	$	0.0001

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Class A Common Stock

Holders of Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share. Any dividends paid to the holders of Class A common stock will be paid on a pro rata basis. On a liquidation event, any distribution to common stockholders is made on a pro rata basis to the holders of the Class A common stock.

Class B Common Stock

Holders of Class B common stock are entitled to one vote per share. Dividends shall not be declared or paid on shares of Class B common stock. On a liquidation event, the holders of shares of Class B common stock shall not be entitled to receive any assets of the Company in the event of any such liquidation.

Class M Common Stock

Holders of Class M common stock are entitled to ten votes per share. Any dividends paid to the holders of Class M common stock will be paid on a pro rata basis. On a liquidation event, any distribution to common stockholders is made on a pro rata basis to the holders of the Class M common stock.

Class O Common Stock

Holders of Class O common stock are entitled to one vote per share. Dividends shall not be declared or paid on shares of Class O common stock. On a liquidation event, the holders of shares of Class O common stock shall not be entitled to receive any assets of the Company in the event of any such liquidation.

Class V Common Stock

Class V common stock are voting, non-economic shares and exchangeable, along with common units of BT HoldCo, into Class A common stock. Shares of Class V common stock are convertible into an equivalent number of shares (one-for-one) of Class A common stock automatically upon transfer, or BT Assets and its affiliates ceasing to beneficially own at least 20% of the voting power represented by the shares in Class V common stock.

Class E Common Stock

Class E common stock consists of three series: 750,000 shares of Class E-1 common stock (which shall not be entitled to vote), 750,000 shares of Class E-2 common stock (which shall not be entitled to vote), 750,000 shares of Class E-3 common stock (which shall not be entitled to vote). Dividends shall not be declared or paid on shares of Class E common stock. On a liquidation event, the holders of shares of Class E common stock shall not be entitled to receive any assets of the Company in the event of any such liquidation. Shares of Class E common stock are convertible into an equivalent number of shares (one-for-one) of Class A common stock when the reported closing trading price of the common stock exceeds certain thresholds if, from the closing of the Merger until the tenth anniversary thereof, the reported closing trading price of the common stock exceeds certain thresholds and is subject to forfeiture terms. Refer to Note 16 for further discussion regarding the Class E common stock.

Series A Preferred Stock

In connection with the Merger and PIPE Financing, on June 30, 2023, the Company issued 4,300,000 shares of its Series A Preferred Stock. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock have no voting rights except in certain matters as described in the Company’s Certificate of Designation. There are no other voting rights associated with the Series A Preferred Stock.

The Series A Preferred Stock is only entitled to dividends when and if declared by the Company’s Board of Directors (the "Board"). There is no stated dividend preference. The Series A Preferred Stock participate fully with respect to all distributions and dividends made to the Company’s Class A common stock, including in the event of a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Company.

The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holders into Class A common stock at an initial exchange ratio of 1:1, as adjusted for any dilutive events. The Series A Preferred Stock is economically identical to the Company’s Class A common stock and is therefore treated as another class of common stock for reporting purposes (i.e., net income per share calculation),

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

and is classified in permanent equity. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, 0 and 50,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, respectively were converted to shares of Class A common stock.

Warrants

There are 43,848,750 warrants outstanding of which 31,625,000 (“Public Warrants”) were issued by GSRM at the time of its IPO and 12,223,750 (“Private Warrants” and together the “Warrants”) were issued by GSRM to GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC (“Sponsor”). As a result of the Merger, these Warrants became Bitcoin Depot Warrants.

Each whole Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 per share. A holder may exercise its warrants only for a whole number of shares of Class A common stock. No fractional warrants will be issued upon separation of the units and only whole warrants will trade. The Company may redeem the Public Warrants at a price of $0.01 per share if the closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period. The Private Warrants cannot be redeemed, even if sold or transferred to a non-affiliate. The Warrants will expire five years after the Closing Date, June 30, 2028, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The Company also has the ability to redeem outstanding Public Warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per Public Warrant, provided that the last reported sale price of Class A common stock for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we send the notice of redemption to the Public Warrant holders equals or exceeds $18.00 per share and provided certain other conditions are met.

The Private Warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the Public Warrants, except the Private Warrants are not subject to redemption, and do not become subject to redemption after transfer to a non-affiliate (a distinction from other private placement warrants issued in connection with GSRM transactions).

The Warrants are accounted for as freestanding equity contracts and are classified in equity under ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. In connection with the Merger, the Warrants were recorded in connection with the reverse recapitalization accounting as part of the adjustment to accumulated deficit on the consolidated Balance Sheet and Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity.

Earnouts

In connection with the Merger, the Sponsor received the Sponsor Earnout Shares, divided into three classes of Class E common stock: E-1, E-2, and E-3, respectively. All classes of Class E common stock are held by a single party. Upon achieving certain milestones (described below), each share of Class E common stock is automatically converted into shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. For the avoidance of doubt, Class E common stock shares do not have any voting or economic rights, and they represent the right to receive shares of Class A common stock.

In addition to the Sponsor Earnout Shares described above, BT HoldCo also issued earnout units (“BT HoldCo Earnout Units”), of which 1,075,061 were issued to the Company and 15,000,000 were issued to BT Assets, Inc. The BT HoldCo Earnout Units issued by BT HoldCo are subject to the same vesting conditions as the Sponsor Earnout Shares. Upon vesting, these units will be automatically exchanged into common units of BT HoldCo. BT HoldCo Earnout Units held by the Company mirror the Sponsor Earnout Shares arrangement as they are intended to maintain the UP-C corporation structure of the consolidated reporting group (i.e., for every share of Class A common stock outstanding, the Company will own a corresponding common unit in BT HoldCo). BT HoldCo Earnout Units issued to BT Assets, will impact the non-controlling interest recognized by the Company when they vest.

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the market price of the Company's Class A common stock did not exceed the required price per share. Additionally, in accordance with the earnout provisions, the market price of the Company's Class A common stock did not exceed $12.00 per share for any 10 trading days within any consecutive 20 trading day period after the Merger to achieve the 1st vesting hurdle.

Share repurchase program

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 69,976 shares at a total cost of $0.2 million with an average cost per share of $2.26. No shares were repurchased during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. No shares were repurchased during the three months ended September 30, 2024. From the date of authorization through September 30, 2024, 190,620 shares of the Company's Class A common stock had been repurchased with a total cost of $0.4 million. As of September 30, 2024, the program had expired.

Redemptions of LLC Interests

The BT HoldCo Operating Agreement provides that holders of LLC Interests may, from time to time, require the Company to redeem all or a portion of their LLC Interests for newly-issued shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. In connection with any redemption or exchange, the Company receives a corresponding number of LLC Interests, increasing its total ownership interest in BT HoldCo. Simultaneously, and in connection with a redemption, the corresponding number of shares of Class V common shares and Common BT HoldCo units are surrendered and cancelled. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, BT Assets exchanged 0 and 2,906,976 Class V shares. This exchange in the second quarter of 2024 resulted in a transfer of 4.3% ownership interest in BT HoldCo from BT Assets to the Company.

(15) Income Taxes

Prior to the closing of the Merger, Lux Vending, LLC was wholly-owned by BT Assets, which elected to be taxed as an S Corporation. Lux Vending, LLC elected to be taxed as an S Corporation subsidiary and was not directly subject to US Federal income taxes during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively was (16.52%) and 45.1%. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company recognized income tax (expense) benefit of $(0.5) million and $1.0 million, respectively, on its share of pre-tax book income (loss), of which $0.9 million and $(0.7) million was attributed to non-controlling interest.

BitAccess Inc. and Express Vending, Inc. are taxed as Canadian corporations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, there was no activity for Mintz Assets, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC and Digital Gold. As such, there were no federal income taxes for these entities.

The effective tax rate differs from the statutory U.S. federal rate of 21.0% primarily due to the income or loss not being taxed due to the income and loss flowing through to its partners, and differences related to the foreign operations, and valuation allowance adjustments for the Company’s outside basis in BT HoldCo.

As of September 30, 2024, management determined based on applicable accounting standards and the weight of all available evidence, it was not more likely than not (“MLTN”) that the Company will realize its deferred tax assets for the difference in tax basis in excess of the financial reporting value for its investment in BT HoldCo. Consequently, the Company has established a full valuation allowance with respect to its deferred tax asset related to its investment in BT HoldCo, as of September 30, 2024.

In the event that management subsequently determines that it is MLTN that the Company will realize its deferred tax assets in the future over the recorded amount, a decrease to the valuation allowance will be made, which will reduce the provision for income taxes. Additionally, the Company has an uncertain tax position of $1.1 million due to state tax filings. The Company plans to settle open filings during 2024.

Tax Receivable Agreement

Upon the completion of the Merger, Bitcoin Depot is party to the Tax Receivable Agreement (“TRA”). Under the terms of that agreement, Bitcoin Depot generally will be required to pay BT Assets 85% of the tax savings, if any, that Bitcoin Depot Inc. realizes, or in certain circumstances is deemed to realize, as a result of certain tax attributes that are created as part of and after the Merger. The payment of cash consideration to BT Assets in connection with the transaction will result in aggregate payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement of approximately $2.1 million as of September 30, 2024. This amount does not take into account any future exchanges of BT HoldCo Common Units by BT Assets pursuant to the BT HoldCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement. The future amounts payable, as well as the timing of any payments, under the Tax Receivable Agreement are dependent upon significant future events, including (but not limited to) the timing of the exchanges of BT HoldCo Common Units and

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

surrender of a corresponding number of shares of Bitcoin Depot Class V common stock, the price of Bitcoin Depot Class A common stock at the time of each exchange, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable transactions, the depreciation and amortization periods that apply to any increase in tax basis resulting from such exchanges, the types of assets held by BT HoldCo, the amount and timing of taxable income Bitcoin Depot generates in the future, the U.S. federal income tax rate then applicable and the portion of Bitcoin Depot’s payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that constitute imputed interest or give rise to depreciable or amortizable tax basis. The Company has recognized a Tax Receivable Agreement liability of $0.9 million on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023. Changes in this liability will be recognized in future periods through the other income/(expense) benefit caption on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income, the Company initially recorded $0.7 million on September 30, 2023 through equity, an additional adjustment $0.2 million was made on December 31, 2023, which was recorded to the income statement, for a total TRA of $0.9 million.

Pursuant to the Company's election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"), the Company expects to obtain an increase in its share of the tax basis in the net assets of BT HoldCo when units are redeemed or exchanged by the other members of BT HoldCo. The Company plans to make an election under Section 754 of the Code for each taxable year in which a redemption or exchange of BT HoldCo units occurs. The Company intends to treat any redemptions and exchanges of BT HoldCo units as direct purchases of the units for U.S. federal income tax purposes. These increases in tax basis may reduce the amounts that would otherwise be paid in the future to various tax authorities. They may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those capital assets.

On April 24, 2024, the Company acquired an aggregate of 2.9 million units in connection with an exchange with BT HoldCo (see Note 14), which resulted in an increase in the tax basis of its investment in BT HoldCo subject to the provisions of the Tax Receivable Agreement. The Company also recorded an additional liability of $1.3 million for the TRA Payments due to the redeeming members, representing 85% of the aggregate tax benefits the Company expects to realize from the tax basis increases related to the exchange of units, after concluding it was probable that such TRA Payments would be paid based on estimates of future taxable income. No payments were made to the members of BT HoldCo pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement in fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023.

(16) Share-Based Compensation

BitAccess:

BitAccess maintained a stock option plan for its employees under the Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan, (the “BitAccess Plan”). Pursuant to BitAccess Plan agreement, awards of stock options and restricted stock units (“BitAccess RSUs”) were permitted to be made to employees and shareholders of BitAccess. As of September 30, 2024, all awards under the BitAccess Plan had been issued.

The options under the BitAccess Plan generally vest over a two-year period following the one-year anniversary of the date of grant and expire not more than 10 years from the date of grant.

Options

A summary of the BitAccess Plan’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:


	Amount or number of options		Weighted-average exercise price		Weighted-average remaining contractual term		Weighted-average grant-date fair value
Outstanding at January 1, 2024		43,780	$	2.86		8.60	$	1.21
Granted		—	$	—		—	$	—
Exercised		—	$	—		—	$	—
Outstanding at September 30, 2024		43,780	$	2.86		7.85	$	3.09
Vested and exercisable at September 30, 2024		20,208	$	2.86		—	$	3.10

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)


	Amount or number of options			Weighted-average exercise price			Weighted-average remaining contractual term		Weighted-average grant-date fair value
Outstanding at January 1, 2023		106,938		$	1.04			8.86	$	1.13
Granted		39,600		$	2.86			9.76	$	3.05
Exercised		(68,058	)	$	—			—	$	4.44
Forfeited		(33,600	)	$	(2.86	)		—	$	(1.11	)
Outstanding at September 30, 2023		44,880		$	2.86			8.93	$	3.09
Vested and exercisable at September 30, 2023		11,038		$	2.86			—	$	3.10

RSUs

The BitAccess RSUs under the BitAccess Plan generally vest over a two-year period beginning following the one-year anniversary of the date of grant and expire not more than 10 years from the date of grant. There were no outstanding RSUs as of September 30, 2024. A summary of the BitAccess Plan’s BitAccess RSU award activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:


	Restricted Stock Units
Outstanding at January 1, 2023		81,142
Exercised		(23,308	)
Outstanding at March 31, 2023		57,834
Exercised		(32,193	)
Outstanding at June 30, 2023		25,641
Forfeited		(25,641	)
Outstanding at September 30, 2023		—
Outstanding at December 31, 2023		—

The Company recognized compensation expense of $0 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $0.2 million and $0.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, related to the BitAccess Plan. These amounts are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income. As of September 30, 2024, there was immaterial unrecognized compensation expense related to BitAccess Plan’s for non-vested restricted shares.

2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan

Pursuant to the Incentive Plan the Board is authorized to grant awards of Class A common Stock, incentive stock options, non statutory stock options, RSUs and restricted stock in an aggregate amount up to 6,029,445 shares of Class A common stock to eligible recipients, as defined in the Incentive Plan. The Company recognized $0.4 million and $3.0 million of share-based compensation expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $0.8 million and $2.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Share-based compensation expense is included within selling and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income.

PSUs

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company's Compensation Committee determined that the performance targets were met and approved the granting of 580,116 fully vested performance-based RSUs ("PSUs"). For these PSUs, the Company recognized stock compensation in the Statement of Stockholders (Deficit) Equity and Member' Equity as Additional-Paid-In Capital and Stock Compensation expense on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive Income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 of $0.0 million and $1.1 million. No awards were required for approval during the three months ended September 30, 2024. The Company had no unrecognized compensation expense associated with PSUs as of September 30, 2024.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Time-based RSUs

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company granted 218,400 and 1,255,686 time-based RSUs, respectively. These RSUs vest one-third on the first anniversary of the grant date and in equal quarterly installments over the next two years.

For these time-based RSUs, the Company recognized stock-based compensation in the Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity as Additional Paid-In Capital and stock-based compensation expense on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive Income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 of $0.4 million and $1.9 million. The Company had unrecognized compensation expense associated with time-based RSUs of $3.0 million as of September 30, 2024. RSU and PSU award activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:


	Amount of PSUs			PSU Weighted-average grant date fair value		Amount of RSUs			RSU Weighted-average grant date fair value
Outstanding at January 1, 2024		—		$	—		1,352,085		$	3.59
Granted		580,116		$	1.78		1,255,686		$	1.88
Vested		(580,116	)	$	1.78		(704,391	)	$	3.60
Forfeited		—		$	—		(126,989	)	$	2.48
Outstanding at September 30, 2024		—		$	—		1,776,391		$	2.45

(17) Net Loss Per Share

The Series A Preferred Stock have similar economic rights to the Class A common stock and management considers them to be in substance common shares for earnings per share (“EPS”) purposes. As a result, the weighted average Series A Preferred Stock outstanding during the period was included in the calculation of weighted average common stock outstanding. No other classes of shares with economic rights were outstanding during the period, and therefore, EPS was not presented for such classes. The Public and Private Warrants along with the BitAccess options were considered in diluted EPS under the treasury stock method, if dilutive. The Class E common stock represents earnout arrangements that are contingently issuable into Class A common stock, and are only considered in the calculation of EPS once the stock price milestones have been achieved. The non-controlling interest was considered in diluted EPS under the if-converted method, if dilutive.

The share-based compensation expense related to Class A shares has been attributed entirely to Bitcoin Depot Inc. for purposes of the net income (loss) per share calculation within the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Additionally, for purposes of the net income (loss) per share calculation, because such amounts pertain to compensation expense that do not affect the net assets of BT HoldCo available for liquidation, they are not further attributed to the non-controlling interest holders under the HLBV method described in Note 11.

Management determined that EPS for periods prior to the Merger was not considered meaningful due to the complexities of determining the weighted average stock outstanding as a result of the recapitalization. Accordingly, the computation of loss per share and weighted average common stock outstanding has only been presented for the period from the date of transaction close through September 30, 2024, as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc. - basic and diluted	$	(941	)	$	(7,098	)	$	(7,460	)	$	(17,794	)
Denominator:
Weighted average common stock outstanding - basic and diluted		20,701,447			16,658,691			18,908,391			16,658,691
Net loss per share - Bitcoin Depot Inc.	$	(0.05	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(0.39	)	$	(1.07	)

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following securities were not included in the computation of diluted shares outstanding because the effect would be anti-dilutive or issuance of such shares is contingent upon the satisfaction of certain conditions which were not satisfied by the end of the period:


Class of security	Number of securities
PubCo Warrants - Public and Private		43,848,750
PubCo Class E Common Stock - Earnouts Units		1,075,761
BT OpCo Founder Convertible Preferred Units(1)(2)		2,900,000
BT OpCo Exchangeable Non-Controlling Interest(1)(2)		38,293,024
BT OpCo Earnouts Units(1)		15,000,000
2023 Incentive Plan RSU awards		1,776,391

(1)

Held at BT Assets and exchangeable into Class A common stock of the Company or cash upon the occurrence of certain conditions.

(2)

Held at BT Assets and can be exchanged into Class A common stock of the Company.

(18) Leases

Floorspace leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for floorspace. Generally, these lease arrangements meet the short-term lease criteria when the floorspace leases are cancellable by the Company upon notice of 30 days or less. Accordingly, for the leases that are cancellable, the Company has elected and applied the practical expedient that allows the Company to recognize short-term lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income. For those floorspace leases that have a noncancellable term greater than 12 months, the Company records ROU assets and lease liabilities and presents them as operating leases. The Company recognized right of use assets and a lease liability of $2.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as a result of the non-cash transaction related to floorspace operating leases.

Office space lease

The Company has obligations as a lessee for office space under a noncancellable lease arrangement that expires in May 2025, with options to renew up to five years. Payments due under the lease contracts include mainly fixed payments. The lease for the office space is classified as an operating lease in accordance with Topic 842.

BTM Kiosk leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for BTM kiosks. The leases for the BTM kiosks are classified as finance leases in accordance with Topic 842 that expire on various dates through June 30, 2026. The BTM kiosk lease agreements are for two or three year terms and include various options to either renew the lease, purchase the kiosks or exercise a bargain option to purchase the kiosk at the end of the term. Certain finance leases are personally guaranteed by the CEO and contain guarantees for return of equipment by the CEO.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company terminated three existing lease arrangement with a lessor and simultaneously entered into a new lease arrangements with a new lessor for 2,050 BTMs. Under these agreements, the new lessor agreed to purchase the BTM’s from the original lessor. Upon the termination of the original agreements, the Company removed the remaining right-of-use asset and the finance lease liability of $7.5 million and $5.7 million respectively and recognized a loss of $1.7 million recorded in other (expense) income in the consolidated Statement of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The new leases commenced on March 31, 2023, June 30, 2023 or September 30, 2023 and have three year noncancellable periods. Total fixed payments due on an undiscounted basis over the three year noncancellable period of the leases are $7.1 million. The Company will acquire the assets for a bargain purchase price of $1 at the end of the term. Due to the bargain purchase option, the Company classified the new leases as finance leases. The Company recognized a finance lease liability of $5.7 million discounted at an interest rate implicit in the lease and a corresponding right-of-use asset of $5.7 million.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 the Company entered into lease agreements for the lease of 1,186 new BTMs. The leases have noncancellable lease terms ranging from 24 months to 36 months. The Company will acquire the assets for a bargain purchase price of $1 at the end of their terms. Due to the bargain purchase option, the Company classified the new leases as a finance

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

lease. The Company recognized right of use assets and a lease liability of $7.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as a result of the non-cash transaction related to the finance leases.

The components of the lease expense are as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Finance lease expense:
Amortization of right-of-use-assets	$	884	$	1,861	$	3,469	$	6,375
Interest on lease liabilities		310		738		1,049		3,410
Total finance lease expense		1,194		2,599		4,518		9,785
Operating lease expense		299		103		660		212
Short-term lease expense		9,730		7,731		27,125		25,513
Total lease expense	$	11,223	$	10,433	$	32,303	$	35,510


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Other information:
Operating cash flows used for finance leases	$	(320	)	$	(738	)	$	(1,088	)	$	(3,410	)
Operating cash flows used for operating leases	$	(340	)	$	(117	)	$	(749	)	$	(231	)
Financing cash flows used for finance leases	$	(2,049	)	$	(2,108	)	$	(6,242	)	$	(8,809	)



	September 30, 2024	December 31, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases	1.8 years	1.6 years
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	3.2 years	2.3 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	18.4%	17.9%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	16.9%	16.6%

Maturities of the lease liability under the noncancellable operating leases as of September 30, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases
Remainder of 2024	$	340
2025		1,225
2026		1,125
2027		590
2028		343
Thereafter		59
Total undiscounted lease payments		3,682
Less: imputed interest		(812	)
Total operating lease liability		2,870
Less: operating lease liabilities, current		(887	)
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	$	1,983

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Maturities of the lease liability under the noncancellable finance leases as of September 30, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):


	Finance Leases
Remainder of 2024	$	1,676
2025		4,144
2026		1,753
2027		384
Total undiscounted lease payments		7,957
Less: imputed interest		(1,170	)
Total finance lease liability		6,787
Less: current installments of obligations under finance leases		(3,931	)
Obligations under finance leases, excluding current installments	$	2,856

(19) Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time in the regular course of its business, the Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and other legal matters. Except as noted below, there are no material legal proceedings pending or known by the Company to be contemplated to which the Company is a party or to which any of its property is subject.

The Company believes that adequate provisions for resolution of all contingencies, claims and pending litigation have been made for probable losses that are reasonably estimable. These contingencies are subject to significant uncertainties and the Company is unable to estimate the amount or range of loss, if any, in excess of amounts accrued. The Company does not believe that the ultimate outcome of these actions will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition but could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, cash flows or liquidity in a given quarter or year.

On January 13, 2023, Canaccord Genuity Corp. (“Canaccord”) commenced proceedings against the Company by filing a claim with the Superior Court of Justice in Toronto, Ontario which named Lux Vending, LLC and Bitcoin Depot LLC as the defendants. Canaccord is a financial services firm in Canada that the Company previously had hired to perform advisory services related to a potential initial public offering or sales transaction. The claim asserts that Lux Vending, LLC breached the contract by terminating the contract to avoid paying fees for their services and that Canaccord is entitled to approximately $22.3 million in damages equivalent to the fees alleged to be payable for breach of contract that would have been owed upon the closing of a transaction to acquire control, the sale of substantially all the Company’s assets, or a merger transaction pursuant to the previously terminated engagement letter for advisory services. Canaccord proposes that the amount of fees would be calculated on the total transaction value of the business combination that Canaccord now values at $655 million.. The claim also seeks an award for legal and other costs relating to the proceeding. On October 25, 2023, Canaccord amended their complaint to increase the amount of the claim by $0.7 million to roughly $23 million and to add Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC as a defendant to account for the name change following the closing of the merger. The increase in the claim is the result of Canaccord changing the estimated transaction value from $615 to $655 million.

Bitcoin Depot does not believe the allegations made against it are valid and intends to vigorously defend against them. The range of potential loss related to the identified claim is between $0 and $23.0 million, the amount of damages that Canaccord is seeking in the lawsuit. The additional costs mentioned in the claim are not able to be estimated at this time. The discovery phase of the litigation involving documentary productions and oral examinations is largely completed. A mediation of the dispute will be held at the end of fourth quarter of 2024.

Financial and tax regulations

Legislation or guidance may be issued by U.S. and non-U.S. governing bodies, including Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCen”) and the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), that may differ significantly from the Company’s practices or interpretation of the law, which could have unforeseen effects on our financial condition and results of operations, and accordingly, the related impact on our financial condition and results of operations is not estimable. Prior to 2022, the IRS concluded an examination of the Company related to certain regulatory reporting requirements related to cryptocurrency sales to certain customers. Based on the outcome of the examination, the Company has concluded it is not probable that any fines or penalties will be assessed against the Company. As a result, no accrual has been recorded in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

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BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(20) Subsequent Events

In October 2024, the Company entered into two franchise profit sharing arrangements. The Company will recognize liabilities of $1.3 million and $2.6 million as a result of these franchise profit sharing arrangements with principal and interest paid monthly via profit sharing payments.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis provides information which Bitcoin Depot’s management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of consolidated results of operations and financial condition. You should read the following discussion and analysis of Bitcoin Depot’s financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Certain information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including information with respect to plans and strategy for Bitcoin Depot’s business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, including those factors set forth in “Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements Safe Harbor Statement,” our actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” or “Bitcoin Depot” refer to Bitcoin Depot Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Business Overview

Bitcoin Depot owns and operates the largest network of Bitcoin ATMs (“BTMs”) across North America where customers can buy and sell Bitcoin. Bitcoin Depot helps power the digital economy for users of cash.

Our mission is to bring Crypto to the Masses™. Digital means and systems dominate the way that consumers send money, make purchases, and invest; however, we believe that many people utilize cash as their primary means of initiating a transaction, either as a necessity or as a preference. These individuals have largely been excluded from the digital financial system and associated technological advancements in our global and digitally interconnected society. Bitcoin Depot’s simple and convenient process to convert cash into Bitcoin via our BTMs and feature-rich mobile app enables not only these users, but also the broader public, to access the digital financial system.

As of September 30, 2024, our offerings included approximately 8,304 BTMs in retail locations throughout the U.S. and Canada, our BDCheckout product, which is accepted at approximately 7,723 retail locations, and our mobile app. We maintain a leading position among cash-to-Bitcoin BTM operators in the U.S. and Canada.

Kiosk Network and Retailer Relationships

Bitcoin Depot operates a network of kiosks that allow users to purchase Bitcoin with cash. Upon using a Bitcoin Depot kiosk for the first time, users will be prompted to provide certain information for account creation and verification. Users are required to select from three ranges of cash amounts to be inserted in the kiosk for purchasing Bitcoin. The user then provides the address of his or her digital wallet by scanning a QR code or manually inputting his or her unique wallet address; the user can create and use a Bitcoin Depot-branded wallet (un-hosted and non-custodial), or his or her own other existing digital wallet. Cash is then inserted by the user into the kiosk, and the kiosk will confirm the dollar amount and other details of the transaction, including quantity of Bitcoin being purchased. Once the transaction is complete, the Bitcoin is electronically delivered to the user’s digital wallet and the user is provided with a physical receipt as well as a receipt via SMS text.

Bitcoin Depot’s largest BTM deployment as of September 30, 2024 is with Circle K, a convenience store chain of over 9,000 stores in North America and over 4,800 stores in Europe and other international markets. We are the exclusive provider and operator of BTMs for Circle K in the U.S. and Canada, and as of September 30, 2024 we have installed our BTMs in approximately 1,200 Circle K stores. We also have kiosks deployed in other convenience stores, gas stations, grocery stores, pharmacies, and shopping malls.

Cryptocurrencies

Our revenues, $436.9 and $540.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, have not been correlated to the price of Bitcoin historically, even in light of volatile Bitcoin prices. For example, our revenue during the trailing twelve months ended September 30, 2024 declined by 15.2% compared to the same period ended September 30, 2023, while the market price of Bitcoin increased by 127% during the same period. Based on our own user surveys, a majority of our users use our products and services for non-speculative purposes, including money transfers, international remittances, and online purchases, among others.

We use a sophisticated Bitcoin management process to reduce our exposure to volatility in Bitcoin prices by maintaining a relatively low balance (typically less than $0.6 million) of Bitcoin at any given time, which we believe differentiates us from our competition. Our typical practice is to purchase Bitcoin through a liquidity provider such as Cumberland DRW or Abra. We replenish our Bitcoin only through purchases from leading Bitcoin liquidity providers and do not engage in any mining of Bitcoin ourselves. Our

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sophisticated replenishment process enables us to satisfy our users’ Bitcoin purchases with our own Bitcoin holdings yet maintain relatively small balances of Bitcoin to effectively manage our principal risk related to our operations. There are two main components of the working capital required in our operations. On the Bitcoin side, we maintain Bitcoin in our hot wallets to fulfill orders from users while we are automatically placing orders with liquidity providers and exchanges to replenish the Bitcoin we have sold to users. The second component to working capital is the cash that accumulates in the BTM kiosks. As users insert cash into the BTM kiosks, cash accumulates until armored carriers collect the cash and process it back to our bank accounts. We typically maintain a variable level of cash in the BTM kiosks at all times. Cash in BTM kiosks as of September 30, 2024 was approximately 24.2% of average monthly revenues for the trailing twelve months ended September 30, 2024.

In June 2024, the Company announced plans to allocate a portion of its cash reserves to Bitcoin. As of September 30, 2024, the Company held approximately $ 0.7 million of Bitcoin allocated to its treasury strategy.

The Merger

On June 30, 2023, we consummated the Merger. GSRM’s stockholders approved the Merger at a special meeting of the stockholders held on June 28, 2023 (the “Special Meeting”).

Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, the following occurred:

•

GSRM filed a Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, pursuant to which GSRM changed its name to “Bitcoin Depot Inc.” and the number of authorized shares of our common stock was increased to 2,272,250,000 shares, consisting of (i) 800,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, (ii) 20,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, (iii) 300,000,000 shares of Class M common stock, (iv) 800,000,000 shares of Class O common stock, (v) 300,000,000 shares of Class V common stock, (vi) 2,250,000 shares of Class E common stock, consisting of three series: (a) 750,000 shares of Class E-1 common stock, (b) 750,000 shares of Class E-2 common stock and (c) 750,000 shares of Class E-3 common stock, and (vii) 50,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock;

•

A restructuring was consummated, consisting of (a) the merger of BT OpCo with and into a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company known as “Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC”, with Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC surviving the merger and (b) the formation of BT HoldCo LLC (“BT HoldCo”) and contribution of all of BT Assets’ equity in BT OpCo to BT HoldCo, pursuant to which BT HoldCo issued BT HoldCo Common Units, BT HoldCo Preferred Units and BT HoldCo Earnout Units to BT Assets; (ii) we paid cash to BT Assets in exchange for certain BT HoldCo Common Units; (iii) we contributed (a) cash to BT HoldCo in exchange for BT HoldCo Common Units, (b) warrants issued by BT HoldCo to purchase a number of BT HoldCo Common Units equal to the number of shares of Class A common stock that may be purchased upon the exercise in full of all warrants of GSRM outstanding immediately after the closing of the Merger and (c) a number of BT HoldCo Earnout Units equal to the number of newly issued shares of Class E common stock issued to Sponsor; (iv) Sponsor exchanged all shares of Class B common stock for newly issued shares of Class A common stock and Class E common stock, subject to the terms of conversion or forfeiture and cancellation set forth in that certain Sponsor Support Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022, by and among Sponsor, GSRM and BT Assets, as amended by the First Amendment to the Sponsor Support Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2023; (v) BT Assets was issued 44,100,000 newly issued shares of Class V common stock, convertible at BT Assets’ election into Class A common stock; and (vi) we issued 500,000 shares of Class A common stock under the Incentive Plan to the Chief Executive Officer of the Company; and

•

upon the execution and delivery to BT OpCo and GSRM of Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreements by the holders of Phantom Equity Awards (as defined in the Phantom Plan) outstanding immediately prior to the closing of the Merger were converted into the right to receive, in aggregate cash payments in an amount equal to $350,000 and 35,000 restricted stock units, which vest quarterly over one year from the date of grant.

Regulatory Environment

We operate internationally and in a rapidly evolving regulatory environment characterized by a heightened focus by regulators globally on all aspects of the payments industry, including countering terrorist financing, anti-money laundering, privacy, cybersecurity, and consumer protection. The laws and regulations applicable to us, including those enacted prior to the advent of digital payments, are continuing to evolve through legislative and regulatory action and judicial interpretation. New or changing laws and regulations, including changes to their interpretation and implementation, as well as increased penalties and enforcement actions related to non-compliance, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. For example, on October 13, 2023, Governor Newsom signed the California Digital Financial Assets Law and Senate Bill 401, which together will regulate virtual currency activities within the state when the laws become fully effective on July 1, 2025. Some of the

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provisions became effective January 1, 2024. These provisions aim to regulate digital financial asset transaction kiosks (“crypto kiosks”) by imposing a daily limit of $1,000 on the amount of funds that the operator can accept from, or dispense to a California resident at its crypto kiosks, which has negatively impacted the Company’s revenue in California.

Key Business Metrics

We monitor and evaluate the following key business metrics to measure performance, identify trends, develop and refine growth strategies and make strategic decisions. We believe these metrics and measures are useful to facilitate period-to-period comparisons of our business, and to facilitate comparisons of our performance to that of our competitors.

Our key metrics are calculated using internal company data based on the activity we measure on our platform and may be compiled from multiple systems. While the measurement of our key metrics is based on what we believe to be reasonable methodologies and estimates, there are inherent challenges and limitations in measuring our key metrics internationally. The methodologies used to calculate our key metrics require judgment and we regularly review our processes for calculating these key metrics, and from time to time we may make adjustments to improve their accuracy or relevance.


	Three Months Ended
	September 30		June 30		March 31		December 31		September 30		June 30		March 31		December 31		September 30		June 30		March 31		December 31		September 30
	2024						2023								2022								2021
Installed kiosks (at period end)		8,304		8,068		7,061		6,334		6,404		6,351		6,441		6,530		6,787		6,955		6,711		6,220		4,520
Returning user transaction count		7.3		7.1		7.7		8.3		9.1		9.2		10.0		10.5		11.2		11.5		11.9		12.3		11.5
Median kiosk transaction size (in $)		250		230		205		200		200		200		200		200		180		170		176		168		160
BDCheckout locations (at period end) (1) (3)		7,723		7,441		6,734		5,681		5,681		5,195		2,754		8,661		8,661		8,395		—		—		—
Kiosks held with logistics providers (2)		2,506		758		587		898		842		981		891		795		—		—		—		—		—

(1)

BDCheckout was launched in the second quarter of 2022.

(2)

Includes kiosks held with our logistics providers, the manufacturer, or kiosks that are in-transit to new locations, which we believe will result in higher transaction volume and revenue per kiosk once deployed.

(3)

During the first quarter of 2023, one of our retail partners discontinued all BDCheckout and cryptocurrency transactions in its stores.

Installed Kiosks

This metric provides an indicator of our market penetration, the growth of our business and our potential future business opportunities. We define installed kiosks as the number of kiosks installed at the end of the quarter in a retail location that are connected to our network. We monitor transaction volume at our kiosks on a continuous basis to maximize transaction volumes from each kiosk. Based on these monitoring activities, we may re-deploy certain of our kiosks, using third-party logistics providers, to new locations (e.g., those available with our new retail partners) that we believe will maximize transaction volumes and revenues.

Returning User Transaction Count

This metric provides an indicator of user retention and our competitive advantage relative to our peers, as well as the trajectory of cryptocurrency adoption, and allows us to make strategic decisions. We define returning user transaction count as the average number of aggregate transactions completed at any kiosk in the four quarters trailing the quarter in which a given user’s first transaction occurred, measured only for users who complete more than one transaction. For example, as of September 30, 2024, users who first transacted at one of our kiosks during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and who subsequently completed a second transaction completed an average of 7.3 transactions over the twelve months following their initial transaction.

Median Kiosk Transaction Size

This metric provides information to analyze user behavior as well as evaluate our performance and formulate financial projections. We calculate median kiosk transaction size based on the dollar value of all purchases and sales of Bitcoin at our kiosks, including transaction fees, during the rolling twelve month period.

BDCheckout Locations

This metric provides an indicator of our market penetration, the growth of our business and our potential future business opportunities. We calculate BDCheckout locations as the number of locations where BDCheckout is available at the end of the quarter. We are currently in discussion with other retail partners to expand our BDCheckout offering into additional locations.

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Segment Reporting

Our financial reporting is organized into one segment. We make specific disclosures concerning our products and services because such disclosure facilitates our discussion of trends and operational initiatives within our business and industry. Our products and services are aggregated and viewed by management as one reportable segment due to the similarity in the nature of the customers and overall economic characteristics, the nature of the products and services provided and the applicable regulatory environment.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

We generate substantially all of our revenue from the cash paid by customers to purchase Bitcoin from our kiosks. For example, approximately 99.9% of our revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2024 was derived from the sale of our cryptocurrency, including the markup at which we sell cryptocurrency to users (which can vary between BDCheckout and BTM kiosks) and a separate flat transaction fee. These user-initiated transactions are governed by terms and conditions agreed to at the time of each point-of-sale transaction and do not extend beyond the transaction.

For the periods presented, the markup percentage for BTM kiosk transactions ranged between 15% and 42%, of the USD amount of the transaction with such markup rates historically having been, and continuing to be, subject to fluctuation as a result of our ongoing price strategy testing. The markup percentage for BDCheckout transactions has been 15% since the rollout of this type of transaction in 2022. Finally, the Company receives a commission as a percentage for our website transactions which was 12.0% through September 30, 2024. Markup percentages are determined by examining user transaction patterns in various geographic locations, based on ongoing markup rate testing, with the ultimate aim of optimizing profitability, growth and user base.

For each Bitcoin transaction on our kiosks and within BDCheckout, the cryptocurrency price displayed to users includes the exchange rate at which we sell Bitcoin to users as well as a separate flat transaction fee. As of September 30, 2024, we charge (i) a flat $3.00 fee on all transactions at BTM kiosks, which generally corresponds to the costs underlying such transactions and (ii) a flat $3.50 fee on BDCheckout transactions, which is what InComm charges us to facilitate transactions using InComm’s network.

We support the sale of Bitcoin by users at only 34 kiosks, or less than 1.0% of our total kiosks as of September 30, 2024, and currently do not have plans to expand the ability of our users to sell Bitcoin to us in exchange for cash. We charge the same fees on Bitcoin we purchase from users via our kiosks as we do for Bitcoin we sell to users at our kiosks.

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Our cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization), which is primarily driven by transaction volume, consists primarily of direct costs related to selling Bitcoin and operating our network of kiosks. Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) includes the cost of Bitcoin, fees paid to obtain Bitcoin, impairment of cryptocurrencies, gains on sales of Bitcoin on an exchange, fees paid to operate the software on the BTMs, rent paid for floorspace for BTMs, fees paid to transfer Bitcoin to users, cost of BTM repair and maintenance, and the cost of armored trucks to collect and transport cash deposited into the BTMs.

Our costs associated with a BDCheckout transaction are lower than costs associated with a BTM transaction, primarily due to significantly greater operating expenses associated with the BTMs, including cash collection fees and short-term lease payments to the retail locations where the kiosks are placed. However, the profitability of the two services is similar because of the higher markup that Bitcoin Depot applies to BTM transactions to support the higher costs associated therewith.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses consist of selling, general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization.

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of expenses related to our customer support, marketing, finance, legal, compliance, operations, human resources, and administrative personnel. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include costs related to fees paid for professional services, including legal, tax, and accounting services.

Depreciation and amortization include depreciation on computer hardware and software, BTMs (including both BTMs owned by us and those subject to finance leases), office furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements and amortization of intangible assets.

Other income (expense)

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Other income (expense) includes interest expense, the impact of lease modifications, and gains and losses on foreign currency transactions.

Interest expense consists primarily of the interest expense on our borrowings and our finance leases and loss on extinguishment of debt.

Results of Operations

Comparison between Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and Three Months Ended September 30, 2023

The following table sets forth selected historical operating data for the periods indicated (unaudited):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			$ Change			% Change

Statements of Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income Information:
Revenue	$	135,271		$	179,483		$	(44,212	)		(24.6	)%
Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately below)		112,853			152,545			(39,692	)		(26.0	)%
Operating expenses
Selling, general and administrative		14,694			16,242			(1,548	)		(9.5	)%
Depreciation and amortization		2,245			3,260			(1,015	)		(31.1	)%
Total operating expenses	$	16,939		$	19,502		$	(2,563	)		(13.1	)%
Income from operations	$	5,479		$	7,436		$	(1,957	)		(26.3	)%
Other income (expense)
Interest (expense)		(2,907	)		(2,769	)		(138	)		5.0	%
Other income (expense)		103			(3,111	)		3,214			(103.3	)%
(Loss) on foreign currency transactions		(29	)		(154	)		125			(81.2	)%
Total other (expense)	$	(2,833	)	$	(6,034	)	$	3,201			(53.0	)%
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes and non-controlling interest		2,646			1,402			1,244			88.7	%
Income tax benefit		(347	)		(337	)		(10	)		3.0	%
Net (loss) income	$	2,299		$	1,065		$	1,234			115.9	%
Net (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest in subsidiary		3,238			8,163			(4,925	)		(60.3	)%
Net (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.	$	(939	)	$	(7,098	)	$	6,159			(86.8	)%
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Net (loss) income		2,299			1,065			1,234			115.9	%
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(19	)		87			(106	)		(121.8	)%
Total comprehensive (loss) income	$	2,280		$	1,152		$	1,128			97.9	%
Comprehensive (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest	$	3,225		$	8,249		$	(5,024	)		(60.9	)%
Comprehensive (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.	$	(945	)	$	(7,098	)	$	6,153			(86.7	)%

Revenue

Revenue decreased by $44.2 million, or 24.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to decreases in kiosk transaction revenue which was related to decreases in the number of transactions offset slightly by higher average transaction sizes. Additionally, regulatory changes limiting the transaction size in California resulted in lower kiosk revenue in California. In the last quarter of 2023, we uninstalled approximately 1,000 BTMs, which were subsequently reinstalled during the later part of February and March 2024 during our kiosk optimization plan, leading to lower revenue compared to the prior period. In the second quarter of 2024, the Company activated approximately 1,000 additional kiosks. Revenue was impacted by the significant number of kiosk reinstallations in the second quarter of 2024 due to the Kiosk optimization plan described above. Typically, the Company experiences customer adoption and growth in revenue in future periods from a kiosk relocation.

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Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		$ Change			% Change
Kiosk Transaction Revenue	$	134,851	$	178,694	$	(43,843	)		(24.5	)%
BDCheckout		126		273		(147	)		(53.8	)%
Company Website		177		352		(175	)		(49.7	)%
Software Service Revenue		116		142		(26	)		(18.3	)%
Hardware Revenue		1		22		(21	)		(95.5	)%
Total Revenue	$	135,271	$	179,483	$	(44,212	)		(24.6	)%

Kiosk Transaction

Our kiosk transaction revenue decreased by $43.8 million, or 24.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to decreases in kiosk transaction revenue primarily related to a decrease in the number of users and decreased transaction volume. Also impacting our revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2024 are the daily transaction limits set in California, which accounted for approximately 39% of the decrease in revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 2023.

BDCheckout

Our BDCheckout revenue decreased by approximately $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in the number of transactions.

Company Website

Our Company website revenue decreased by approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to an increase in the number of transactions.

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) decreased by $39.7 million, or 26.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in the number of transactions, as well as regulatory changes in California and relocations of kiosks during the second quarter of 2024.

The following table sets forth the components of the cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		$ Change			% Change
Cryptocurrency Expenses	$	97,555	$	138,828	$	(41,273	)		(29.7	)%
Floorspace Leases		10,007		8,489		1,518			17.9	%
Kiosk Operations		5,291		5,228		63			1.2	%
Total of Cost of Revenue (excluding Depreciation and Amortization)	$	112,853	$	152,545	$	(39,692	)		(26.0	)%

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The following table sets forth the components of cryptocurrency expenses in our cost of revenue for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		$ Change			% Change
Cost of Cryptocurrency - BTM Kiosks	$	97,425	$	138,551	$	(41,126	)		(29.7	)%
Cost of Cryptocurrency - BDCheckout		109		234		(125	)		(53.4	)%
Software Processing Fees		4		8		(4	)		(50.0	)%
Exchange Fees		—		1		(1	)		(100.0	)%
Mining Fees		15		30		(15	)		(50.0	)%
Software Processing Fee - BDCheckout		2		4		(2	)		(50.0	)%
Total Cryptocurrency Expenses	$	97,555	$	138,828	$	(41,273	)		(29.7	)%

Cost of cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $2.4 million and $1.8 million were recognized for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. We did not have any gains from the sale of cryptocurrency during the quarter.

Cost of Cryptocurrency – BTM Kiosks

Our cost of cryptocurrency decreased by $41.1 million, or 29.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily as a result of lower transaction volume in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Floorspace Leases

Our floorspace lease expenses increased by $1.4 million, or 17.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase was related to the increase in installed kiosks and the total overall rent paid to store owners and distributors under floorspace leases as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Kiosk Operations

Our kiosk operations costs increased by $0.1 million or 1.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. Our kiosk operations consisted of armored cash collection, bank fees, software costs, insurance and repair and maintenance. These costs were higher during the third quarter of 2024 primarily related to installment costs as a result of activating additional kiosks.

Operating expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $1.5 million, or 9.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease was driven by lower professional fees, as a result of going public expenses incurred in 2023, that did not recur in 2024. Additionally, during the third quarter of 2024, these costs were partially offset by increases due to higher payroll costs due to headcount increasing from 115 at September 30, 2023 to 130 at September 30, 2024 to support our operations. Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased by $1.0 million or 31.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease was due to the change in useful life of assets, $0.8 million, and leases maturing, $0.5 million, offset by $0.3 million due to new kiosks.

Other income (expense), net

Other expenses decreased by approximately $3.3 million or 53.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily driven by a $2.7 million expenses associated with the PIPE Financing for the three months ended September 30, 2023, which did not reoccur in the three months ended September 30, 2024.

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Comparison between Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

The following table sets forth selected historical operating data for the periods indicated (unaudited):


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			$ Change			% Change

Statements of Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income Information:
Revenue	$	436,876		$	540,561		$	(103,685	)		(19.2	)%
Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately below)		370,848			461,087			(90,239	)		(19.6	)%
Operating expenses
Selling, general and administrative		44,062			43,245			817			1.9	%
Depreciation and amortization		8,184			9,554			(1,370	)		(14.3	)%
Total operating expenses	$	52,246		$	52,799		$	(553	)		(1.0	)%
Income from operations	$	13,782		$	26,675		$	(12,893	)		(48.3	)%
Other (expense) income
Interest expense		(10,731	)		(10,120	)		(611	)		6.0	%
Other (expense) income		143			(14,024	)		14,167			(101.0	)%
(Loss) on foreign currency transactions		(294	)		(365	)		71			(19.5	)%
Total other expense	$	(10,882	)	$	(24,509	)	$	13,627			(55.6	)%
Income before provision for income taxes and non-controlling interest		2,900			2,166			734			33.9	%
Income tax (expense) benefit		(479	)		977			(1,456	)		(149.0	)%
Net income	$	2,421		$	3,143		$	(722	)		(23.0	)%
Net income attributable to Legacy Bitcoin Depot unit holders		—			12,906			(12,906	)		(100.0	)%
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest		7,459			8,031			(572	)		(7.1	)%
Net loss attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.	$	(5,038	)	$	(17,794	)	$	12,756			(71.7	)%
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Net income		2,421			3,143			(722	)		(23.0	)%
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(1	)		66			(67	)		(101.5	)%
Total comprehensive income	$	2,420		$	3,209		$	(789	)		(24.6	)%
Comprehensive income attributable to Legacy Bitcoin Depot unit holders	$	—		$	12,885		$	(12,885	)		(100.0	)%
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest	$	7,459		$	8,118		$	(659	)		(8.1	)%
Comprehensive loss attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.	$	(5,039	)	$	(17,794	)	$	12,755			(71.7	)%

Revenue

Revenue decreased by $103.7 million, or 19.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to decreases in kiosk transaction revenue which was related to decreases in transactions volume offset slightly by higher average transaction sizes. Additionally, regulatory changes limiting the transaction size in California resulted in lower kiosk revenue in California. During the forth quarter of 2023, we uninstalled approximately 1,000 BTMs, which were reinstalled during the later part of February and March 2024 during our kiosk optimization plan.

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Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows for the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		$ Change			% Change
Kiosk Transaction Revenue	$	434,918	$	538,637	$	(103,719	)		(19.3	)%
BDCheckout		522		874		(352	)		(40.3	)%
Company Website		725		520		205			39.4	%
Software Services Revenue		379		430		(51	)		(11.9	)%
Hardware Revenue		332		100		232			232.0	%
Total Revenue	$	436,876	$	540,561	$	(103,685	)		(19.2	)%

Kiosk Transaction

Our kiosk transaction revenue decreased by $103.7 million, or 19.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to decreases in kiosk transaction revenue primarily related to a decreased number of users and transaction volume as a result of relocating kiosks during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 that did not not occur in the same magnitude in the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Also impacting our revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are the daily transaction limits set in California, which accounted for approximately 20% of the decrease in revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2023. Additionally, revenue was impacted by the significant number of new kiosk installations in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The Company had approximately 16% more kiosks on average in service as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Typically, the Company experiences increases in customer adoption and growth in revenue in future periods from a kiosk relocations and newly installed kiosks.

BDCheckout

Our BDCheckout revenue decreased by approximately $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in the number of transactions.

Company Website

Our Company website revenue increased by approximately $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to an increase in the number of transactions.

Hardware

Our Company hardware revenue increased by approximately $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to the sale of 100 kiosks during the nine months ended September 2024.

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) decreased by $90.3 million, or 19.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in transaction volumes, as well as regulatory changes in California and relocations of kiosks during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The following table sets forth the components of the cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) for the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		$ Change			% Change
Cryptocurrency Expenses	$	327,778	$	419,682	$	(91,904	)		(21.9	)%
Floorspace Leases		27,663		26,270		1,393			5.3	%
Kiosk Operations		15,407		15,135		272			1.8	%
Total Cost of Revenue (excluding Depreciation and Amortization)	$	370,848	$	461,087	$	(90,239	)		(19.6	)%

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The following table sets forth the components of cryptocurrency expenses in our cost of revenue for the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		$ Change			% Change
Cost of Cryptocurrency - BTM Kiosks	$	326,734	$	418,425	$	(91,691	)		(21.9	)%
Cost of Cryptocurrency - BDCheckout		448		749		(301	)		(40.2	)%
Software Processing Fees		49		267		(218	)		(81.6	)%
Exchange Fees		—		21		(21	)		(100.0	)%
Mining Fees		540		207		333			160.9	%
Software Processing Fee - BDCheckout		7		13		(6	)		(46.2	)%
Total Cryptocurrency Expenses	$	327,778	$	419,682	$	(91,904	)		(21.9	)%

Cost of cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $6.6 million and $6.4 million were recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company did not recognize any gains from the sale of cryptocurrency during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Cost of Cryptocurrency – BTM Kiosks

Our cost of cryptocurrency decreased by $91.6 million, or 21.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily as a result of lower transaction volume in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the prior year period.

Cost of Cryptocurrency - BDCheckout

Our cost of goods sold related to BDCheckout decreased by approximately $0.3 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease was a result of lower transaction volume in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Software Processing Fees

Our software processing fees decreased by $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in software processing fees was a direct result of completing the migration of our BTMs to the BitAccess platform in the first quarter of 2023, which reduced the costs we incurred from a third-party service provider for software processing fees based on kiosk transaction volume.

Mining Fees

Our mining fees increased by $0.3 million, or 160.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, due to higher blockchain network fees due to additional traffic on the blockchain.

Floorspace Leases

Our floorspace lease expenses increased by $1.3 million, or 5.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, due to an increase in rent paid to store owners and distributors under floorspace leases, as a result of higher overall transaction volume compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Kiosk Operations

Our kiosk operations costs increased by $0.3 million or 1.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Our kiosk operations consisted of armored cash collection, bank fees, software costs, insurance and repair and maintenance. These costs were lower during the first quarter of 2023 primarily related to repairs and maintenance as a result of the kiosks being in the field for longer periods and needing less repairs, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 which had more relocation costs. due to the kiosk optimization plan and installing additional kiosks.

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Operating expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 1.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, these costs increased primarily due to higher payroll costs due to headcount increasing from 115 at September 30, 2023 to 130 at September 30, 2024 to support our operations.

Other income (expense), net

Other expenses decreased by approximately $13.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily driven by the recognition of PIPE expenses in the three and nine ended September 30, 2023, which did not recur in 2024. Interest expense increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as a result of an increase to the amount of principal under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. The increase of debt principal balance was considered an extinguishment of our prior debt agreement under US GAAP. This change resulted in the write-off of prior capitalized debt issuance costs of $2.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 which did not occur in the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Net income (loss) attributable to Legacy Bitcoin Depot unit holders

Prior to the close of the Merger, net income was allocated to the Legacy Bitcoin Depot unit holders. After the close of the Merger on June 30, 2023, the Legacy Bitcoin Depot unit holders no longer receive any income allocation as they are owners of BT HoldCo.

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest

Prior to the close of the Merger, the non-controlling interest reflected Bitcoin Depot’s ownership in BitAccess. Subsequent to the close of the Merger, the non-controlling interest reflect both Bitcoin Depot's ownership in BitAccess and BT HoldCo. After the close of the Merger, up to $29.0 million of the net income from BT OpCo will be allocated to BT HoldCo as a result of the preferred return to BT Assets related to their preferred interest in BT HoldCo. If net income exceeds $29.0 million, such excess income will be allocated to Bitcoin Depot and BT HoldCo based on their pro rata economic ownership interest in BT OpCo. Additionally, when losses are incurred, BT HoldCo allocates the losses based on the economic ownership. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, Net Loss of BT OpCo was allocated to BT HoldCo and Bitcoin Depot Inc utilizing the HLBV methodology.

Net income (loss) attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, Net Loss was allocated to Bitcoin Depot Inc from BT HoldCo. In addition to losses allocated under the HLBV methodology, the public entity incurred direct legal and professional services in maintaining its operations resulting in a Net Loss attributable to Bitcoin Depot Inc.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

On September 30, 2024, we had negative working capital of approximately $(4.3) million, which included cash and cash equivalents and other current assets of approximately $41.4 million, offset by accounts payable and other current liabilities of approximately $45.6 million. We reported net income of approximately $2.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

On December 31, 2023, we had negative working capital of approximately $(8.8) million, which included cash and cash equivalents and other current assets of approximately $37.3 million, offset by accounts payable and other current liabilities of approximately $46.0 million. We reported net income of approximately $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2023.

For each of the periods presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, approximately 99.9% of our total transaction volume was attributable to transactions in Bitcoin and, as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, transactions in Bitcoin account for 100% of our transaction volumes. We purchase Bitcoin through liquidity providers on a just-in-time basis based on expected transaction volumes in order to maintain a balance at a specified amount. Our ability to dynamically rebalance the levels of Bitcoin we hold at any given time based on transaction volumes and the market price of Bitcoin means that there are limited working capital requirements related to our Bitcoin management activities. There are two main components of the working capital required in our operations. We maintain Bitcoin (currently in an amount which, at any given time, is typically less than $0.6 million) in our hot wallets to fulfill orders from users while we are automatically placing orders with liquidity providers and exchanges to replenish the Bitcoin we have sold to users. The second component of working capital is cash and cash equivalents generated from sales at our BTM kiosks. As users insert cash into the BTM kiosks, cash accumulates until armored carriers collect the cash and process it back to our bank accounts. While not required, we typically maintain a variable level of cash in the BTM kiosks at all times. As of September

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30, 2024, cash in the BTM kiosks was approximately 24.2% of average monthly revenues for the trailing twelve months ended September 30, 2024.

We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents, together with cash provided by operations, will be sufficient to meet our needs for at least the next 12 months.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including our revenue growth rate, the timing and extent of spending to support research and development efforts and the timing and extent of additional capital expenditures to purchase additional kiosks and invest in the expansion of our products and services. We may in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, products and technologies, including intellectual property rights. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. If additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to do so on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially and adversely affected.

Share repurchase program

On September 22, 2023, the Company announced that its Board has authorized a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $10.0 million of outstanding shares of its Class A common stock beginning immediately and continuing through and including September 30, 2024. The Company made an accounting policy election to measure the fair value of purchases or sales of securities, including purchases of its own shares as part of the share repurchase program, as of the trade date. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company repurchased 69,976 shares at a total cost of $0.2 million with an average cost per share of $2.26. No shares were repurchased during the three months ended September 30, 2024. From the date of authorization through September 30, 2024, 190,620 shares of the Company's Class A common stock had been repurchased with a total cost of $0.4 million. The program was not renewed upon expiration.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted Gross Profit

We define Adjusted Gross Profit (a non-GAAP financial measure) as revenue less cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) and depreciation and amortization adjusted to add back depreciation and amortization. We believe Adjusted Gross Profit provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations, as well as provides a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business performance. Moreover, we have included Adjusted Gross Profit in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q because it is a key measurement used internally by management to measure the efficiency of our business. This non-GAAP financial measure should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on U.S. GAAP results and using Adjusted Gross Profit on a supplemental basis. Our computation of Adjusted Gross Profit may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because not all companies calculate this measure in the same fashion. You should review the reconciliation of Gross Profit to Adjusted Gross Profit below and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

The following table presents a reconciliation of revenue to Adjusted Gross Profit for the periods indicated (unaudited):


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Revenue	$	135,271		$	179,483		$	436,876		$	540,561
Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)		(112,853	)		(152,545	)	$	(370,848	)		(461,087	)
Depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of revenue		(2,233	)		(3,260	)		(8,090	)		(9,554	)
Gross Profit	$	20,185		$	23,678		$	57,938		$	69,920
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of revenue	$	2,233		$	3,260		$	8,090		$	9,554
Adjusted Gross Profit	$	22,418		$	26,938		$	66,028		$	79,474
Gross Profit Margin (1)		14.9	%		13.2	%		13.3	%		12.9	%
Adjusted Gross Profit Margin (1)		16.6	%		15.0	%		15.1	%		14.7	%

(1)

Calculated as a percentage of revenue.

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Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP financial measure) as net income before interest expense, tax expense, depreciation and amortization, non-recurring expenses, PIPE related expenses, share-based compensation, and miscellaneous cost adjustments.

These items are excluded from Adjusted EBITDA because these items are non-cash in nature, or because the amount and timing of these items is unpredictable, not driven by core results of operations and renders comparisons with prior periods and competitors less meaningful. We believe Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations, as well as provides a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business performance. Moreover, we have included Adjusted EBITDA in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q because it is a key measurement used internally by management to make operating decisions, including those related to operating expenses, evaluate performance and perform strategic and financial planning. However, you should be aware that when evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, we may incur future expenses similar to those excluded when calculating these measures. The presentation of this measure should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Further, this non-GAAP financial measure should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on U.S. GAAP results and using Adjusted EBITDA on a supplemental basis. Our computation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because not all companies calculate this measure in the same fashion. You should review the reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA below and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated (unaudited):


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Net (loss) income	$	2,299		$	1,065		$	2,421		$	3,143
Adjustments:
Interest expense		2,907			2,769			10,731			10,120
Income tax expense (benefit)		347			337			479			(977	)
Depreciation and amortization		2,245			3,260			8,184			9,554
Expense related to the PIPE transaction (1)		—			2,700			—			12,281
Non-recurring expenses (2)		297			2,873			1,204			7,664
Share-based compensation		412			944			3,037			1,326
Special bonus (3)		675			—			675			3,915
Expenses associated with the termination of the phantom equity participation plan		—			—			—			350
Adjusted EBITDA	$	9,182		$	13,948		$	26,731		$	47,376
Adjusted EBITDA margin (4)		6.8	%		7.8	%		6.1	%		8.8	%

(1)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, amount includes the recognition of a non-cash expense of $2.7 million and $9.0 million, respectively, related to the PIPE transaction.

(2)

Comprised of non-recurring professional service fees.

(3)

For nine months ended September 30, 2023, amount includes (A) Transaction bonus and related taxes to employees of approximately $2.3 million and (B) Founder Transaction bonus of approximately $1.6 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company paid a bonus to the COO and another employee related to the close of the Merger which was linked to payment of the Preferred Dividend.

(4)

Adjusted EBITDA margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue. The Company uses this measure to evaluate its overall profitability.

Sources of Liquidity

Credit Agreement

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outstanding principal balance and any accrued interest become due. Additionally, the Company is required to pay an exit fee of $1.8 million upon maturity or prepayment and accordingly, has included this amount in the note payable, non-current in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In conjunction with the transaction, Legacy Bitcoin Depot and BT Assets, Inc. were substituted for BT OpCo and BT HoldCo, LLC respectively. The Amended and Restated Note is collateralized by substantially all of the assets of BT HoldCo, LLC and Mintz Assets, Inc., Express Vending, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC, Digital Gold Ventures, Inc. and BitAccess Inc. The Company is subject to certain financial covenants contained in the Amended and Restated Note, which require BT HoldCo and certain of its subsidiaries to maintain certain cash balances, and a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio, in addition to customary administrative covenants. The Company accounted for the Amended and Restated Note as a debt modification in accordance with ASC 470, Debt.

On March 26, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment to the Amended and Restated Note dated June 23, 2023 to provide an additional $15.7 million in principal financing. This amendment increased the aggregate principal amount of the term loan facility to $35.6 million which consists of $19.9 million outstanding on the original loan and $15.7 million in additional principal resulting in net cash flow of $15.2 million related to the amendment. The Company accounted for the amended and restated note as an extinguishment of debt in accordance with ASC 470, Debt. As such, the Company recognized the outstanding deferred financing costs of $3.2 million as a loss on extinguishment of debt in interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and Comprehensive (Loss) Income which consisted of a $2.7 million write off unamortized deferred loan costs and $0.5 million in loan origination fees related to the amendment.

PIPE Financing

On June 23, 2023, GSRM entered into a private placement agreement with certain subscribers (“Subscribers”). For purposes of settlement under the PIPE Agreement, the notional amount of 5,000,000 shares consisted of (a) the 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock sold at the closing of the Merger, and (b) 700,000 shares of Class A common stock that were held by the Subscribers prior to the consummation of the Transaction. In connection with the Transaction, the Subscribers entered into non-redemption agreements with the Company and received additional shares of Class A common stock in exchange for their commitments not to redeem. See the discussion below under GSRM Share Issuance for further information. On October 11, 2023, the PIPE Agreement was settled with the Subscribers for de minimus consideration. The effects of the settlement resulted in the elimination of the subscription receivable and the embedded derivative liability. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized approximately $9.2 million in expenses related to the agreement which includes $0.9 million of cash fees and is included within other (expense) income on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Cash Flows

The following table presents the sources of cash and cash equivalents for the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Cash provided by operating activities	$	17,253		$	33,570
Cash (used in) investing activities	$	(10,506	)	$	(2,005	)
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities	$	(4,312	)	$	(39,454	)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	2,470		$	(7,874	)

(1)

Includes effect of exchange rate changes on cash.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $16.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to a $11.2 million decrease in the change in accrued expenses and other current liabilities as a result of expenses associated with the transaction being incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and paid during the second half of 2023, a $8.9 million decrease in loss on Series A Preferred Share PIPE issuance, and a $2.7 million decrease due to derivative liabilities; offset by a $7.0 million increase in the change in accounts payable.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities increased $8.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, due to a $9.9 million increase in acquisition of property and equipment.

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Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities decreased $35.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, due to a $24.4 million increase in proceeds from notes payable, and a $16.0 million decrease in principal payments on notes payable.

Commitments and Contractual Obligations

As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate amount of our operating and finance lease obligations was approximately $9.7 million. As of September 30, 2024, we had no open purchase orders for kiosks.

See Note 13 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information about our notes payable.

See Note 15 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information about our tax receivable agreement.

See Note 18 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information about our leases.

See Note 19 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information about our material commitments and contingencies.

Commitments and Contingencies

We assess legal contingencies in accordance with ASC 450—Contingencies and determines whether a legal contingency is probable, reasonably possible or remote. When contingencies become probable and can be reasonably estimated, we record an estimate of the probable loss. When contingencies are considered probable or reasonably possible but cannot be reasonably estimated, we disclose the contingency when the probable or reasonably possible loss could be material.

Litigation

From time to time in the regular course of our business, we are involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and other legal matters. Except as noted below, there are no material legal proceedings pending or known by us to be contemplated to which we are a party or to which any of our property is subject to.

We believe that adequate provisions for resolution of all contingencies, claims and pending litigation have been made for probable losses that are reasonably estimable. These contingencies are subject to significant uncertainties and we are unable to estimate the amount or range of loss, if any, in excess of amounts accrued. We do not believe that the ultimate outcome of these actions will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition but could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows or liquidity in a given quarter or year.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Accounting Pronouncement Adopted

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effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this accounting standard effective January 1, 2024 with no material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures". The amendments require entities to disclose significant segment expenses impacting profit and loss that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. The update is required to be applied retrospectively to prior periods presented, based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. The amendments are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this accounting standard effective January 1, 2024 with no impact on interim financial statements.

Accounting Pronouncement Pending Adoption

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risk during the normal course of business from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. The exposure to these risks is managed through normal operating and financing activities.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

With the participation of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, management evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of September 30, 2024. Based on their evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2024 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief

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Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, solely as a result of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting below.

Material Weaknesses in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

In connection with the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2023, management identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. The material weaknesses had not been remediated as of September 30, 2024. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis. The material weaknesses identified related to (i) the fact that the Company did not have formalized system of internal control over financial reporting in place to ensure that risks are properly assessed, controls are properly designed and implemented and internal controls are properly monitored and functioning, (ii) the Company’s reliance on IT systems and the use of service organizations to initiate, process, and record transactions, for which it did not evaluate or test the respective control objectives and data provided by the service organizations, and did not maintain a sufficient complement of formally documented general IT controls over access, segregation of duties, security, and change management, (iii) the Company’s lack of technical accounting resources to analyze and apply technical accounting considerations, (iv) the Company having insufficient controls in place to prevent potential unauthorized activity related to cryptocurrencies, and (v) ineffective reconciliation controls over cash in transit. Management has concluded that these material weaknesses arose because, as a private company (prior to the closing of the Merger), the Company did not have the necessary business processes, personnel and related internal controls necessary to satisfy the accounting and financial reporting requirements of a public company.

Effective internal controls are necessary to provide reliable financial reports and prevent fraud, and material weaknesses could limit the ability to prevent or detect a misstatement of accounts or disclosures that could result in a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements. To address the material weaknesses, the Company will need to add personnel as well as implement additional financial reporting processes and related internal controls. Management intends to continue to take steps to remediate the material weaknesses described above through hiring additional qualified accounting and financial reporting personnel, further enhancing their accounting processes and risk assessment, and by designing, implementing and monitoring the respective controls. Management will not be able to fully remediate these material weaknesses until these steps have been completed and the controls have been operating effectively for a sufficient period of time. These remediation measures may be time consuming and costly and there is no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects or that the actions that management may take in the future will be sufficient to remediate the control deficiencies that led to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting or that they will prevent or detect potential future material weaknesses. The Company’s current controls and any new controls that management develops may become inadequate because of changes in conditions in the business and weaknesses in disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement could harm the operating results or cause the Company to fail to meet the reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of the Company’s financial statements for prior periods.

Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting required to be included in Bitcoin Depot’s periodic reports that are filed with the SEC. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in Bitcoin Depot’s reported financial and other information, which would likely have a negative effect on the trading price of the Class A common stock. In addition, we would not be able to continue to be listed on Nasdaq, which could have an adverse effect on the liquidity of your investment.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II -

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

On January 13, 2023, Canaccord Genuity Corp. (“Canaccord”) commenced proceedings against the Company by filing a claim with the Superior Court of Justice in Toronto, Ontario which named Lux Vending, LLC and Bitcoin Depot LLC as the defendants. Canaccord is a financial services firm in Canada that the Company previously had hired to perform advisory services related to a potential initial public offering or sales transaction. The claim asserts that Lux Vending, LLC breached the contract by terminating the contract to avoid paying fees for their services and that Canaccord is entitled to approximately $22.3 million in damages equivalent to the fees alleged to be payable for breach of contract that would have been owed upon the closing of a transaction to acquire control, the sale of substantially all the Company’s assets, or a merger transaction pursuant to the previously terminated engagement letter for advisory services. Canaccord proposes that the amount of fees would be calculated on the total transaction value of the business combination that Canaccord now values at $655 million. The claim also seeks an award for legal and other costs relating to the proceeding. On October 25, 2023, Canaccord amended their complaint to increase the amount of the claim by $0.7 million to roughly $23 million and to add Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC as a defendant to account for the name change following the closing of the merger. The increase in the claim is the result of Canaccord changing the estimated transaction value from $615 to $655 million.

We are also party to various other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of our business. We believe these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

For a complete discussion of the Company’s risk factors, see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

If the following risk occurs, our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In such case, the market price of our class A common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

•

Further reductions in mining rewards of Bitcoin, including due to block reward halving events, which are events that occur after a specific period of time (the most recent of which occurred on April 19, 2024) that reduce the block reward earned by “miners” who validate Bitcoin transactions, or increases in the costs associated with Bitcoin mining, including increases in electricity costs and hardware and software used in mining, or new or enhanced regulation or taxation of Bitcoin mining, which could further increase the costs associated with Bitcoin mining, any of which may cause a decline in support for the Bitcoin network.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

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Item 5. Other Information.

Insider Trading Arrangements and Policies

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, none of our directors or “officers” (as such term is defined in Rule 16(a)-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading agreement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (each as defined in Item 408(a) and (c) of Regulation S-K).

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Item 6. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.


Exhibit		Description

2.6*		Supplemental Consolidating Information

10.1*		Amendment No. 1 to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 23, 2023, by and among BT OpCo, as the borrower, BT Assets, as the initial holding company, Express Vending Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Mintz Assets, Inc., a Georgia corporation, BitAccess Inc., a corporation incorporated under the federal laws of Canada, Digital Gold Ventures Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of Ontario, Intuitive Software LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the financial institutions and institutional investors from time to time party thereto as Lenders, and Silverview Credit Partners LP (f/k/a Silverpeak Credit Partners, LP).

31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1**		Certification of Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2**		Certification of Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document–the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File as its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents

104		Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

*		Filed herewith.

**		Furnished herewith.

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


Date: November 14, 2024	By:	/s/ Brandon Mintz
	Name:	Brandon Mintz
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)


Date: November 14, 2024	By:	/s/ Glen Leibowitz
	Name:	Glen Leibowitz
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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